In this Huberman Lab Essentials episode, I explain the biology, symptoms and types of bipolar disorder (sometimes called bipolar depression), a condition characterized by extreme, maladaptive shifts in energy, mood and perception. I describe the diagnostic criteria that distinguish bipolar I from bipolar II, including mania and hypomania and the different patterns of mood cycling. I discuss the remarkable history and discovery of lithium and how it works, in part by reducing inflammation, providing neuroprotection and supporting the interoceptive neural circuits affected in bipolar disorder. I also cover talk therapies, electroconvulsive therapy and nutraceuticals such as omega-3 fatty acids and inositol, and I explore the intriguing relationship between mood disorders and creativity. This episode should interest anyone who has or knows someone with bipolar disorder, as well as those interested in how the brain balances mood, energy and focus.Read the show notes at hubermanlab.com.Thank you to our sponsorsAG1: https://drinkag1.com/hubermanBetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/hubermanEight Sleep: https://eightsleep.com/hubermanTimestamps(((((((((((((((((((Disclaimer & DisclosuresLearn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices