The architect of the Oslo accords, Ambassador Dennis Ross, who worked in five U.S. presidential administrations trying to broker peace between Israelis and Palestinians, joined us on the heels of the deaths in Gaza, at the hands of the Israelis, of seven humanitarian workers. Ambassador Ross spoke of the present conflict as the worst he has witnessed and he discussed the trauma of both the Palestinian and Israeli sides as well as the differences in the Israel, West Bank and Gaza governments, the security misreadings by the Israeli government, the diversions of humanitarian aid by Hamas and the legacy of October 7th and the hostages taken by Hamas. Ambassador Ross spoke, too, of Israel's fraught political stability and the likely future for Prime Minister Netanyahu and his coalition. He also provided an assessment of Hamas militarily and gauged the effect on the region of the U.S. withdrawal from Afghanistan and the role of Turkey's Erdogan and Egypt under El-Sisi. He spoke, too, of the perniciousness of Hamas as well as condemning the Israeli occupation and the incorrect use of the word genocide to condemn Israel. We had the opportunity as well to speak with the Ambassador about Iran's role in the region and the prospects of a single versus a two states solution and what to expect after the war is over. A wide-ranging, incisive discussion replete with first-rate insights.

Veteran Journalist, Journalism professor and author Jeff Jarvis joined us to discuss media and its history and future and the future of journalism. We zeroed in on questions of Internet regulation and the effect of AI and Jeff spoke about why he believes TikTok should be defended and not banned and focused on what he called hegemonic and corporate old journalism versus journalism which serves the community. Jeff also talked about Section 230 and its so-called shield and sword role for media at its core as well as click bait, bias and the need to reinvent advertising. A caller spurred Jeff to address the lack of tech knowledge of legislators and the need for them to be educated. He also spoke critically of a recent book by psychologist Jonathan Haidt which blames the mental health crisis of Gen Z on phones and social media. Jeff then talked about red lining in journalism and how AI is a large and cracked mirror of all of us with many practical and positive uses. We wound up talking about Google's former motto of Don't be Evil, what to do about bad actors and the likely long run benefit to libraries of AI.

Former Kaiser Permanente CEO and one of modern healthcare's most influential physician leaders, Dr. Robert Pearl joined us for a deep discussion focusing on his recent book "ChatGPT, MD" and the exponential changes generative AI can bring to American medicine and healthcare. We initially heard a poignant personal story from Dr. Pearl about how he went from studying cardiac surgery to becoming a plastic surgeon as a result of watching surgical repairs of cleft palates in Mexico. From there he went on to his bullish views on the future role of his book's co-author, Chat GPT, though all depends, he made clear, on clinicians taking the lead and the next generation of them being committed to change. Still, he made clear that the present antiquated system can be changed by technology and transformation can and will occur. He addressed concerns such as security, privacy, data breaches and bias, but spoke overall with abundant optimism, despite touching as well on the unsustainability of medical costs. He spoke, also, of achievements of the Kaiser Permanente model and the necessity for humanity to keep pace with technology. An enlightening, inspiring call to action hour.

Astronomer Andrew Fraknoi joined us to dispense his usual passionate and illuminating clarity on the April 8 total solar eclipse and eclipses per se and more. He spoke of best places to view, optimal weather conditions, proper eyeglasses and what not to wear, as well as how to observe with a colander and why we cannot see a total solar eclipse from any other planet in our solar system. We were able to touch, too, on some eclipse myths and include sidebars about a bright sight twelve billion light years away, astrology and what may have been here before the big bang. Andrew spoke of Harvard Professor Avi Loeb's searches for extra terrestrial life and provided answers for educators on how best to deal with the total eclipse and prepare for and experience it, including why to use a snap device in photographing it and what to do if one is visually impaired. A truly fascinating hour with a bevy of good questions from listeners deftly answered by one of America's leading astronomers.

Former UC Berkeley Chancellor and President and CEO of the New York Academy of Sciences Nicholas Dirks joined us to discuss his latest book, City of Intellect. We began with an assessment of the free speech movement and the trajectory to more recent efforts by protestors to shut speakers down. The dialogue proceeded from there to questions about hate speech and so-called safe spaces and trigger warnings as well as broader questions of what a university is for, who it serves and what it can and cannot do. We discussed access and costs and the economics of universities as well as questions of diversity and differences between public and private universities and we then turned to a consideration of leadership and the example of former UC Berkeley President Clark Kerr. Our expansive dialogue took up the importance of a liberal arts education, AI and online education, job training in higher ed and the role of community and junior colleges, which Dirks called "the real workhorses," and the apparent revival of admissions tests. Dirks concluded with wise and thoughtful reflections on how universities need to look toward the future and emphasize the transformation of lives, exposure to the world of possibilities and what it means to be human.

Long-time Apple expert, podcaster and tech savant Rene Ritchie joined us in his role as YouTube liaison to discuss monetizing and revenue sources for aspiring and established YouTube content creators. Rene talked about YouTube as "the most accessible culture endeavor ever seen," and provided useful and practical points for content creators in our work shifting world -- including thinking like a viewer, not relying on algorithms and making use of cliffhangers. Rene spoke of his own personal work history and his role as a leading expert on Apple products, and we explored a range of other issues, including platforms as publishers, AI, personal branding, non-profits and encryption. A range of live listener questions were answered adroitly by Rene. An illuminating tech hour!

We spent an hour with twenty-year CEO of The World Affairs Council and foreign affairs expert Jane Wales discussing the wars in Ukraine, Gaza and the far less media focused civil war in Sudan with illuminating views from her on trends away from liberal democracy and the rise of autocrats. The Information Revolution, which has allowed war to be seen as never before, prompted us to explore questions of sovereignty, rising nationalism and ongoing expansion of Artificial Intelligence. Philanthropy trends also emerged in the conversation as Jane, in her leading roles in philanthropic work, spoke about the phenomenon of more donations by fewer people each year coupled with more volunteer hours with fewer volunteers. We touched, too, on other global hot spots -- China, Pakistan, India, Iran, and Afghanistan, as well as ongoing humanitarian crises and changing outlooks on foreign policy within the Biden administration. A wide ranging, trenchant and enlightening dialogue!

Allbirds co-owner and CEO Joey Zwillinger joined us for a wide-ranging discussion focusing on the ups and downs and successes and challenges of the international shoe company as well as decarbonization and sustainability; entrepreneurship and branding; innovation and capitalism. We talked about the fashion industry and the CEO's role in the public company which makes over 200 million shoes a year. Worker's rights, DEI and factory conditions also emerged in the conversation which concluded with advice from Joey Zwillinger to aspiring entrepreneurs and those who want to make a difference against the existential threat of climate change.

Leading Stanford neurologist and psychiatrist Dr. Nolan Williams joined us for a deeper understanding of current scientific explorations into the growing use of psychedelics in relieving and curing mental health problems. Though not ignoring valid concerns over bad trips and underage usage, Dr. Williams demonstrated how FDA approved research with safeguards can lead to mental health cures. He spoke, too, of the history of the Controlled Substances Act, the brain's plasticity, and sacramental drugs such as Ayahuasca and Ibogaine as well as Psilocybin (magic mushrooms), MDMA (Ecstasy), ketamine, electroconvulsive therapy, EMDR and spaced learning. A renaissance in non-recreational psychedelic uses with some striking results!

We spoke with leading climate scientist Dr. Kristina Dahl about the vital need for systemic solutions to the systemic problem of climate change and the vacillation many of us feel between hope and despair. If fossil fuels remain indispensable to us, what can be done and what, especially, can we as individuals do to curb carbon emissions and stave off extinction? One of TIME magazine's 2023 list of the world's 100 most influential people, Dr. Dahl takes us into depths of greater understanding of what needs to be done to make a difference.