Welcome to season 2 finale of fAQ! For this season, Tai-Danae and Adam focused on a single topic: What is actually happening inside a quantum computer? By the end of this season, you'll have a better understanding of the "how" of quantum computing. So get ready to go beyond the theory and dig into what's actually going on these machines that harness the fundamental forces of the universe! In this sixth episode, we continue our exploration into DiVincenzo's fifth criterion for functional quantum computers: "Measurement of individual qubits". Specifically, we dig into what it means to "measure" something, in both the everyday context and in the quantum world. You might end up being surprised how similar those are and how not-strange measurement is in the quantum context...well at least some parts of those measurements! Oh, and we talk about how you, yes YOU, can work towards winning a Nobel Prize using the fAQ comment section ;-) Want to get in touch? Write us at [email protected] Host Bios: Tai-Danae Bradley is a research mathematician at SandboxAQ. She earned a PhD in mathematics from the CUNY Graduate Center and is creator of the mathematics blog, Math3ma, and a former cohost of PBS Infinite Series. Adam Green is the Head of Science Education at SandboxAQ. He earned a PhD in ecology and evolutionary biology from the University of Rochester and was the Director of US Academic Content at Khan Academy before joining Sandbox. Resources mentioned on this episode: https://pennylane.ai/qml/demos/tutorial_trapped_ions https://pennylane.ai/qml/demos/tutorial_sc_qubits https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-does-the-quantum-world-cross-over/ Want to learn more about what SandboxAQ does? Check out our blog: https://www.sandboxaq.com/blog

<p>Heads-up, you might want to check out the video version of fAQ this time, there are a lot of graphics that will help you through this topic!Welcome to season 2 of fAQ! </p><p>For this season, Tai-Danae and Adam will be focusing on a single topic: What is actually happening inside a quantum computer? By the end of this season, you'll have a better understanding of the "how" of quantum computing. So get ready to go beyond the theory and dig into what's actually going on these machines that harness the fundamental forces of the universe! </p><p>In this fifth episode, we continue our exploration into DiVincenzo's fourth criterion for functional quantum computers: "A universal set of quantum gates". Specifically, we look at two-qubit gates and really dig into how quantum entanglement works and how to create it among trapped ions. And along the way, you'll hear about what old-school Nintendo cheat codes and not-stealing M&Ms has to do with all of this! </p><p>Want to get in touch? Write us at [email protected] </p><p>Host Bios: </p><p>Tai-Danae Bradley is a research mathematician at SandboxAQ. She earned a PhD in mathematics from the CUNY Graduate Center and is creator of the mathematics blog, Math3ma, and a former cohost of PBS Infinite Series. </p><p>Adam Green is the Head of Science Education at SandboxAQ. He earned a PhD in ecology and evolutionary biology from the University of Rochester and was the Director of US Academic Content at Khan Academy before joining Sandbox. </p><p>Resources mentioned on this episode: </p> https://pennylane.ai/qml/demos/tutorial_trapped_ions </p> https://pennylane.ai/qml/demos/tutorial_sc_qubits </p><p>Want to learn more about what SandboxAQ does? Check out our blog: https://www.sandboxaq.com/blog </p><p>Want an video version of this podcast? Check it out at: https://youtu.be/dntGyI8DtYI </p>

Welcome to season 2 of fAQ! For this season, Tai-Danae and Adam will be focusing on a single topic: What is actually happening inside a quantum computer? By the end of this season, you'll have a better understanding of the "how" of quantum computing. So get ready to go beyond the theory and dig into what's actually going on these machines that harness the fundamental forces of the universe! In this fourth episode, we dig into DiVincenzo's fourth criterion for functional quantum computers: "A universal set of quantum gates". What is a "gate"? How is superposition an example? For that matter, what is superposition, functionally? And how can we get qubits into superposition inside a trapped-ion quantum computer? Come along for the exciting ride in this supersized episode! Want to get in touch? Write us at [email protected] Host Bios: Tai-Danae Bradley is a research mathematician at SandboxAQ. She earned a PhD in mathematics from the CUNY Graduate Center and is creator of the mathematics blog, Math3ma, and a former cohost of PBS Infinite Series. Adam Green is the Head of Science Education at SandboxAQ. He earned a PhD in ecology and evolutionary biology from the University of Rochester and was the Director of US Academic Content at Khan Academy before joining Sandbox. Resources mentioned on this episode: https://pennylane.ai/qml/demos/tutorial_trapped_ions Want to learn more about what SandboxAQ does? Check out our blog: https://www.sandboxaq.com/blog Want an video version of this podcast? Check out: https://youtu.be/6KJKKmDEYSk

Welcome to season 2 of fAQ! For this season, Tai-Danae and Adam will be focusing on a single topic: What is actually happening inside a quantum computer? By the end of this season, you'll have a better understanding of the "how" of quantum computing. So get ready to go beyond the theory and dig into what's actually going on these machines that harness the fundamental forces of the universe! In this third episode, we dig into DiVincenzo's second criterion for functional quantum computers: "The ability to initialize the state of the qubits to a simple fiducial state". What does that mean? And do trapped ion quantum computers pass that test? What about superconducting quantum computers? And what to ukuleles have to do with this?! Want to get in touch? Write us at [email protected] Host Bios: Tai-Danae Bradley is a research mathematician at SandboxAQ. She earned a PhD in mathematics from the CUNY Graduate Center and is creator of the mathematics blog, Math3ma, and a former cohost of PBS Infinite Series. Adam Green is the Head of Science Education at SandboxAQ. He earned a PhD in ecology and evolutionary biology from the University of Rochester and was the Director of US Academic Content at Khan Academy before joining Sandbox. Resources mentioned on this episode: https://pennylane.ai/qml/demos/tutorial_trapped_ions https://www.wsfcs.k12.nc.us/cms/lib/NC01001395/Centricity/Domain/7788/Ch%206%20The-Quantum-Mechanical-Model-of-the-Atom.pdf.pdf Want to learn more about what SandboxAQ does? Check out our blog: https://www.sandboxaq.com/blog Want a video version of this podcast? Check it out here: https://youtu.be/JlRCid9QSqI

<p>Welcome to season 2 of fAQ! For this season, Tai-Danae and Adam will be focusing on a single topic: What is actually happening inside a quantum computer? By the end of this season, you'll have a better understanding of the "how" of quantum computing. So get ready to go beyond the theory and dig into what's actually going on these machines that harness the fundamental forces of the universe! </p><p>In this second episode, we dig into DiVincenzo's first criterion for functional quantum computers: "A scalable physical system with well-characterized qubits". What does that mean? And do trapped ion quantum computers pass that test? And by the way, what's a trapped ion!? Learn about all of that and more...including a little something about Pringles! </p><p>Want to get in touch? Write us at [email protected] </p><p>Host Bios: </p><p>Tai-Danae Bradley is a research mathematician at SandboxAQ. She earned a PhD in mathematics from the CUNY Graduate Center and is creator of the mathematics blog, Math3ma, and a former cohost of PBS Infinite Series. </p><p>Adam Green is the Head of Science Education at SandboxAQ. He earned a PhD in ecology and evolutionary biology from the University of Rochester and was the Director of US Academic Content at Khan Academy before joining Sandbox. </p><p>Resources mentioned on this episode: </p> https://pennylane.ai/qml/demos/tutorial_trapped_ions </p><p>Want to learn more about what SandboxAQ does? Check out our blog: https://www.sandboxaq.com/blog </p><p>Want an video version of this podcast? Check it out on YouTube: https://youtu.be/Caarn3QECY8 </p>

<p>Welcome to season 2 of fAQ! </p><p>For this season, Tai-Danae and Adam will be focusing on a single topic: What is actually happening inside a quantum computer? By the end of this season, you'll have a better understanding of the "how" of quantum computing. So get ready to go beyond the theory and dig into what's actually going on these machines that harness the fundamental forces of the universe! </p><p>In this first episode, we set the stage for the rest of the season by talking about why, if at all, you might want to care about quantum computing. Then we start to address the big elephant in the room whenever quantum computing comes up: hype! And finally, we describe the framework we'll be using for the rest of the season: DiVincenzo's criteria for a quantum computer. </p><p>Want to get in touch? Write us at [email protected] </p><p>Host Bios: </p><p>Tai-Danae Bradley is a research mathematician at SandboxAQ. She earned a PhD in mathematics from the CUNY Graduate Center and is creator of the mathematics blog, Math3ma, and a former cohost of PBS Infinite Series. </p><p>Adam Green is the Head of Science Education at SandboxAQ. He earned a PhD in ecology and evolutionary biology from the University of Rochester and was the Director of US Academic Content at Khan Academy before joining Sandbox. </p><p>Resources mentioned on this episode: </p><p>DiVincenzo's 2000 paper outlining the criteria for a functional quantum computer: https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0002077 </p><p>Want to learn more about what SandboxAQ does? Check out our blog: https://www.sandboxaq.com/blog </p><p>Want to watch a video version of this podcast? Check it out on the SandboxAQ YouTube Channel: https://youtu.be/EUE86I1veDE </p>

Based on your feedback, we're excited to announce the upcoming season 2 of the fAQ podcast! Want to chat with us? Write us at [email protected] Want to watch this episode on YouTube? Find it at https://youtu.be/jEnNXOUMSpw

<p>In this episode, we’re continuing to talk about quantum applications. </p><p>You may have heard that quantum computer will break all passwords and security on the Internet...is that true?! How would that work? </p><p>Tai-Danae and Adam are joined again by physicist and SandboxAQ's VP of engineering, Stefan Leichenauer to discuss how most encryption works online right now, and how quantum computers will affect that. </p><p>Want to get in touch? Write us at [email protected] </p><p>Host Bios: </p><p>Stefan Leichenauer is the VP of Engineering at SandboxAQ. He earned a PhD in physics from UC Berkeley in 2011 and has a research background in string theory. </p><p>Tai-Danae Bradley is a research mathematician at SandboxAQ. She earned a PhD in mathematics from the CUNY Graduate Center in 2020 and is creator of the mathematics blog, Math3ma, and a former cohost of PBS Infinite Series. </p><p>Adam Green is the Head of Science Education at SandboxAQ. He earned a PhD in ecology and evolutionary biology from the University of Rochester in 2011 and was the Director of US Academic Content at Khan Academy before joining Sandbox. </p><p>Resources mentioned on this episode: </p><p>Dominic Walliman videos on YouTube, including The Map of Quantum Computing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-UlxHPIEVqA </p><p>Quantum Country: https://quantum.country/ </p><p>Grant Sanderson's linear algebra course on YouTube: https://www.3blue1brown.com/topics/linear-algebra </p><p>Eddie Woo's "The RSA encryption algorithm" on YouTube, part 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4zahvcJ9glg </p><p>Want to learn more about what SandboxAQ does? </p><p>Check out our blog: https://www.sandboxaq.com/blog </p><p>Want a video version of this podcast? Go to: https://youtu.be/6qXA7u7jUxU </p>

In this episode, we’re moving from theory to applications. Where are qubits, superposition, and entanglement used in the real world? In this episode, Tai-Danae and Adam are joined by physicist Stefan Bogdanovic to discuss one example — nitrogen vacancy centers in diamonds — and how they are used as quantum sensors for medical applications and more. Want to get in touch? Write us at [email protected] Chapters: 0:00 Entanglement is a fuel! 3:24 Adam’s overview of the quantum tech ecosystem 5:34 A rough sketch of NV centers 8:51 Introducing special guest Stefan Bogdanovic 12:30 Stefan’s explanation of NV centers 14:10 Why are NV centers useful? How are they produced? 19:01 How is an NV center a sensor? 28:35 Different materials have different pros/cons 30:15 Superposition plays a role with NV centers 33:09 Entanglement can also play a role! 36:46 Other applications of NV centers 43:05 What’s in the future for NV centers? 45:32 NV centers and quantum computers? 49:01 Closing thoughts Host Bios: Adam Green is the Head of Science Education at SandboxAQ. He earned a PhD in ecology and evolutionary biology from the University of Rochester in 2011 and was previously the Director of US Academic Content at Khan Academy before joining Sandbox. Tai-Danae Bradley is a research mathematician at SandboxAQ. She earned a PhD in mathematics from the CUNY Graduate Center in 2020 and is creator of the mathematics blog, Math3ma, and a former cohost of PBS Infinite Series. Want to learn more about what SandboxAQ does? Check out our blog: https://www.sandboxaq.com/blog Want an video version of this podcast? Go to: https://youtu.be/HNalDyK_qFs

What is quantum entanglement, why do physicists care so much about it, and how is it used in real-world applications like quantum computing and quantum communication? <p> In this episode, Tai-Danae and Adam discuss these questions and more with physicist Adam Lewis, Technical Lead on SandboxAQ’s Simulation and Optimization team. </p> Want to get in touch? Write us at [email protected] <p></p>Chapters:00:00 P90X for your brain, and introductions.01:20 What is entanglement?02:42 A nice intro to entanglement via a quote from Brian Greene.07:50 What is entanglement, revisited.09:42 Entanglement is real.10:33 Is entanglement fully understandable?13:23 Welcome Adam Lewis, PhD.18:37 Entanglement - what is it, revisited again.23:50 A history of the term "entanglement", including what it actually is.28:36 But could there be another force at play here?30:35 Is there an example of entanglement in our everyday lives?33:40 Data that supports entanglement.35:18 Do all things quantum involve entanglement?36:53 More examples of applying the concept of entanglement.42:24 Why is the 2-photon state not vulnerable to the same critique of the 1-photon state?43:17 The realism postulate.43:33 The localism postulate.43:50 Bell's inequality.44:50 Violating Bell's inequality.46:47 Realism, revisited.47:34 Localism, revisited.49:26 Summing up the current state of knowledge around entanglement?51:20 Do we know how entanglement actually works?52:06 Why are some scientists fascinated with entanglement?53:00 Entanglement as a quantum resource.55:12 Applications of entanglement outside of quantum computing.1:01:44 Future topics! Polarization, Bell's theorem and Bell's inequality.1:02:48 Wrapping up our ideas of entanglement.Resources mentioned in this episode: <p>Brian Greene’s The Fabric of the Cosmos: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fabric_of_the_Cosmos </p> <p>Want to learn more about what SandboxAQ does? Check out our blog: https://www.sandboxaq.com/blog </p>