operating principles of a liberal democracy #11PAL1

• equality of political rights
• majority rule
• political participation
• political freedom

types of laws made by parliaments, courts and subordinate authorities #11PAL6

legislative processes at the State or Commonwealth levels #11PAL7

key processes of civil and criminal trials in Western Australia #11PAL9

at least one contemporary issue (the last three years) involving the judicial process #11PAL12

political representation with reference to the role of political parties and pressure groups #11PAL13

roles and powers of the Prime Minister, Cabinet and the Ministry #12PAL4

roles and powers of the opposition and the shadow ministry at the Commonwealth level #12PAL5

lawmaking process in parliament and the courts, with reference to the influence of

• individuals
• political parties
• pressure groups

#12PAL7

at least one contemporary issue (the last three years) relating to political power #12PAL12

the accountability of the Commonwealth Parliament #12PAL14

• through elections for the      House of Representatives and the Senate
• through the House of      Representatives and Senate Privileges Committees
• within the procedures and      processes of the Parliament

the accountability of the Executive and public servants #12PAL15

• through collective and      individual ministerial responsibility
• through Senate Estimates and      at least one other committee of the Commonwealth Parliament
• through the Commonwealth      Auditor General and the Administrative Appeals Tribunal (AAT)
• through judicial review

the ways in which Australia and one other country can both uphold and/or undermine democratic principles, with reference to

• political representation
• popular participation
• the rule of law
• judicial independence
• natural justice

#12PAL20