Episode Notes On 29 May 2022 In this episode of the podcast I interview Alex one of the lead developers in the Navcoin project. We discuss what Navcoin is, some problems with cryptocurrencies and some of the future plans for Navcoin. This episode answers a number of questions asked on Discord and the telegram channel. Check out the Navcoin project at https://www.navcoin.org/ Transcript: E24 Introduction to Navcoin: I interview the lead developer. Kerry: Welcome to conversations with Kerry, a series of audio interactions with people and things in my world that I find interesting. If you have any comments, questions, or feedback, you can find me at @khoath on Twitter or e-mail me at [email protected]. Thanks for listening and I hope you enjoy the podcast. Kerry: This episode of conversations with Kerry contains information on the cryptocurrency Navcoin. You can find out about Navcoin by visiting www.navcoin.org. Please note that this information is provided for educational and entertainment purposes only and should not be considered investment advice. If you require investment advice, please consult a financial advisor. Please enjoy this content and I hope you find it educational and entertaining. Kerry: Welcome everybody to this episode of conversations with Kerry and as a special treat on the podcast this week, this will be distributed through various other channels, we are very honoured to have the lead developer of the Navcoin project with us which I'll introduce in a moment and Alex has come on the podcast with us. Now if you've never heard of Navcoin before don't worry a lot of people haven't and hopefully this podcast will fix that for you and tell you about this exciting project so hello Alex and thank you for coming on the podcast, I really appreciate it. Alex: Hello, Kerry thank you for having me it's a complete pleasure. Kerry: I’ll say a few words about cryptocurrency now. Everybody heard about Bitcoin, and everybody heard about cryptocurrency now in case you've been living under a rock for the last 12 years or so. In simple terms, cryptocurrency is a method of exchange that is calculated and stored on computers, that is thought to be worth actual money by a lot of people. That is probably the simplest definition of cryptocurrency I can give. The reason it's called cryptocurrency is the original project in this space that was hugely popular Bitcoin which came out in the late nineties, was the first cash system to be widely successful in this digital space, although when Bitcoin started, it wasn't worth much at all and we can talk about that a little later. Now when you talk about cryptocurrency, you'll get the term “blockchain” and I don't want to get too geeky because we're trying to keep the podcast general but in very simple terms when you put money in your bank and your bank takes your money, the bank says you have $3.57 or whatever your currency is and you believe them and hopefully all of the other banks believe them and this will sort of butterfly across into a topic that we're getting on to in a second here. But if you ask the bank how much you've got the bank says $3.57 and if somebody says, “person X has bought a chocolate bar which is $3.56, do you have $3.56?” the bank “says yes, yes they do”, and you end up with one cent left in your account and a chocolate bar. Now, this all sounds pretty simple and straightforward, except there are a couple of underlying problems with this system which we'll get into. First of all, you have to trust the bank and that seems as though it would be, pretty simple right? Nothing to hide, nothing to worry about? But if you've been following the news, the Canadian truck drivers would tell you all sorts of things about how the bank wouldn't let go of their funds and they were up doing a protest and went to buy a chocolate bar or whatever else they needed, not possible. So, we'll get to that in a minute, very soon actually. Kerry: So cryptocurrency used to be seen as a bit of a joke and everyone went “Bitcoin it's like the Dutch Tulip craze, it's not worth anything, don't worry about it” and then as time progressed and the technologies advanced and an incredible amount of intellectual power in the community, it became popular and the price went up, and then the price went up, and then the price went up. In 2013, bitcoins were $100 apiece, in 2022 Bitcoin is around $29,000. Let me have a look now… $29,062 yeah that's right. So first of all, one of the things that were taught about Bitcoin, and this leads to the first question. Kerry: I mean everybody heard about Bitcoin and people thought Bitcoin was anonymous, and I think we're gonna talk about this a little bit because Bitcoin is pseudonymous. Or pseudonymous I think the term is, and we'll talk about that in a little bit. But what's the problem if everybody knows what money you've got, and everybody knows what you're doing? What’s the problem with that? and probably what I wanna prove, that Bitcoin isn't anonymous very quickly and then we'll get to talking about it. Kerry: There was a big online marketplace called Silk Road and Silk Road was a place where you could buy drugs and all sorts of other unsavoury things. And law enforcement shut Silk Road down in 2013 and they did that by tracing Bitcoin transactions, so not so much. Have you got anything to say on that Alex? That whole situation, because there are some very powerful companies that track stuff so I'll let you talk about that if you like a little bit. Alex: Yeah thank you Kerry for the introduction. I think you were completely right with your description of Bitcoin, especially in the beginning, there were the general concepts of seeing Bitcoin, or something that was private or pseudonymous, as you said. But time has proven that especially when you put into the equation centralized exchanges with KYC, as soon as you put your currency in exchange they are tied to your identity. So it's very easy to connect an address to your identity but also the previous history because Bitcoin has been very successful as a system to transfer value as you said, but it's with the price of public order probably the ability with the price of having all the transactions public and viewable by anyone so anyone can download the blockchain and verify the transaction and this is the way that we can remove a centralized entity as the trusted individual that we need to consider these transactions valid. I think it's not a matter of opinion, but it's a verified part, something that everyone should agree about, that Bitcoin is currently not private. I really like the example that you gave, with the Canadian trucks. This is a very good example of how censorship can really be a problem when we are talking about access to the financial system and how it can become very, very dangerous as a censorship tool from governments and corporations Kerry: Well probably more recently, I think it would be even more realistic to talk about the fact that, and not in great detail, but given the war between Russia and Ukraine the world financial markets have put sanctions on Russia, which has effectively devalued the ruble. So we're looking at an entire country's national currency being devalued by people who decide they don't like them so much, and that's kind of a dangerous situation in my opinion, that a government, or a powerful group of people or a well-positioned group of people can actually control the money supply and I'm assuming that concept concerns you as well? Alex: Completely. I think we are in a very dangerous position because then what's going to come next no? Now they are going, well not now but like a few months ago, they went against protesters, you know, they were protesting against COVID measures. You can agree you can disagree with it, but protesting having like an opinion against something should be part of the basic human rights, you know? So, what's going to be next? And this opens like a very dangerous window to start removing people from their financial system in a very discriminated way and when you remove someone from the financial system you remove them completely from society you cannot do anything. Kerry: Yeah, because they cannot acquire food, they cannot acquire resources, they have trouble acquiring the things that they need to exist. Now that sort of dovetails into a different question or at least a different aspect of this. I mean the actual financial banking system says that this blockchain thing is a good idea. All of these blocks that are connected together by this very complicated mathematics and distributed all over the world, multiple locations, you know? Multiple copies of the database for accountability banks are looking at using a version of this technology and they're looking at doing central bank currencies, but that doesn't sound very private to me, if the banks are building this. How do you feel about these central bank currencies? Some of the research I saw said that if the banks decided that you shouldn't have any money, or the government decided that you shouldn't have any money, depending on how the system was designed, it would be theoretically possible to make sure you don't have any tokens or money. Alex: Yeah that's completely right, and I don't know exactly how the final design is going to be. I think it's not completely decided by the possibility that you just mentioned. It's completely feasible you know some people consider central bank digital currencies, as a version of cryptocurrencies. But for me, at least for my understanding of cryptocurrencies, they are quite far from where the cryptocurrency is, and they are not going to be very different from what we already have right now with the digital bank accounts that we have, you know? But the real danger comes when cash is outlawed, and I think this is something that is coming, and then the only way that you have to access your money is through those central bank digital currencies because then they have the complete power to censor your access to money. Kerry: And that's absolutely right, and I think the other big problem is… Look at the Chinese Yuan. It's very obvious that the government controls the money supply, and that's fine, provided you trust the government. Now, I don't want to get into whether you should or shouldn't trust the Chinese government, but should you trust any government when it comes to your medium of exchange and the things that are valuable? And my understanding is that the reason that regulations are being looked at very seriously in many countries, is that the governments of those countries wish to wear practical control of cryptocurrency because they're scared of it. They're concerned about having an alternative money supply that is not within the government or Reserve Bank or financial people's control. Alex: I think governments are always hungry for control. It’s kind of part of their DNA so to say, and the biggest problem here with governments having so much power is when people are enforced, you know, to follow some rules where they don’t really have anything to say. The beauty of cryptocurrency is if you don't like the rules of Bitcoin you are completely free to sell your Bitcoin switch to another altcoin, and if you don't like this altcoin, you have some control over which rules affect you, which is completely the opposite of what's happening in the current design of the financial system. Kerry: Absolutely, although I would certainly also point out, you mentioned KYC earlier. Just in case people don't know what that acronym is, it stands for “know your customer”, so when you want to set up, say an account on a cryptocurrency exchange, you have to provide various pieces of identifying information, and many of those exchanges have what we call a custodial wallet. And that means that: the exchange looks after your money for you, thank you very much. And the problem with that, for most people who care about these sorts of things, is that not your keys, not your crypto. Which means that you don't have the final say on that money and in fact, Coinbase has terms of service which came out recently. Basically saying, that in the event that Coinbase goes bankrupt, which we hope never happens, they actually hold on to all of your funds and you'll be one of their unsecured creditors, so it just depends on how much you get back after everything, you know? The smoke clears sounds a bit like Mt. Gox in 2013. All sounds a bit, you know, uncertain and unsure, not having the keys to your own crypto. Alex: Yeah, they probably just included it because they were advised by their legal team. I'm not sure if this conveys like in a dangerous situation as Mt. Gox was, but of course KYC is opening a door for the kind of censorship that we were talking about before. I mean private property is private property. It shouldn't matter who owns something and access to the financial system shouldn't be restricted. From my point of view, I understand if some of people disagree with me, but from my own point of view access to the financial system should be a basic human right and shouldn't be forbidden in any case. Kerry: So essentially what we're saying here, is that depending on the cryptocurrency, and they've all got different rules, but essentially, I know for example if you decide to run your own Bitcoin wallet or you run your own Ethereum wallets, or you run any of the other cryptocurrencies, and especially as we're talking about here this morning Navcoin, you can basically download the software, install it on your computer, run it put in the necessary pieces of information, which would be: create a new wallet and an optional password (which I'd strongly recommend but we can talk about that later) and you have a wallet, where you can store coins. No “your customer”, no passports, no driver’s licenses, ID documents, the government passes. You can have a free wallet, obviously with no funds in it, with multiple free wallets if you want to. And there's no government overseeing the creation of those wallets provided you keep those wallets safe. Alex: Yeah, that's completely right. And what is still a pending task for us, you know, for the development teams that are creating this kind of technologies, the trading of those coins, this is when the centralized exchanges come into play, we still need to improve the current technology in order to allow people to exchange those tokens in a completely trustless and decentralized way and also like efficient that is cheap and that is fast. there are already some solutions, for example, you have finance decks, the decentralized exchange, that works quite well and works without KYC, but then the structure of the network is kind of centralized and you need to trust them. You also have centralized exchanges, like when you swap only the token , but then the system that they use, they don't have like an order book. You cannot really decide at what price you want to leave an order, so this is kind of part of the industry that has a bit of room for improvement to really create an open system for trading. Kerry: Absolutely and I would agree with that 100%. Now the next question we've got here is sort of a bit of a general one, and for people who aren't financially minded. Everybody talks about how cryptocurrency is going to take over the world in a bull market. Now for those who don't know what a bull market is; when everybody's excited and the prices are high, everybody's interested and everybody's got lots of optimism however it dies down in a bear market which is essentially when people don't have a lot to spend, they don't have a lot of financial leverage, which is the ability to pay for goods and services and things. In fact, the exact situation we find ourselves in now with the supply chain meltdown and increased inflation and all those sorts of things. How do you feel about the adoption of cryptocurrencies? You've been in the space for quite a while. Do you have a more sobering view of whether this is great technology or not, whether this is the way we should go, or whether this is the way we should eventually go? What keeps you in this space, given that you've seen a couple of market cycles and obviously big ups and big downs? Alex: Over the years in the financial markets psychology plays a very important role, so people get very maniac when things go up and they think that they are going to go up forever; and in the same way when they start going down, they think that they are going to go to zero. But at the end, the reality is always like that. The balance between both extremes is kind of the average and because crypto has a real use case, especially in the situations that we talked about before, where governments are every time more and more participants in this censorship. Crypto has a very valid use case to overcome all those unfair limitations that the government is probably very likely to impose. So, imagine this scenario that we were talking about before, where situations, like with the Canadian trucks , become something more general, you know? And people start getting censored in a broader way. What people are going to do? People need to eat, and they need to use money, so we need to rely on centralized and transparent tools, like crypto. There's a real utility for crypto, that is going to make it survive, you know, because we are not talking about something speculative. We are talking about something that really has use and added value for people. Kerry: So two things that come up here. First of all, the cryptocurrency markets, or the crypto, or the blockchains, they run 24 hours a day seven days a week 365 and 1/4 days per year. They don't stop running unless something bad happens to the blockchain. See Terra Luna, but generally, the blockchains run all the time and the ability to move tokens very cheaply, or currency very cheaply means you can basically bypass those middlemen in the banks. For example, let's say I wanted to buy you a pizza, just because it's a basic example from Al Finy and whatever in 2010, if I wanted to send you the money for a pizza, I would lose quite a large fee sending that money to you, and I'd have to go through banks, and it would be quite slow, but for example if I converted the price of the pizza into Navcoin, and sent it to you, it's quite probable you would have the funds in well depending on how things go under about two minutes and a very small fee, much more efficient and convenient and trustless compared to the bank. Alex: Yeah, it's funny because yesterday I had a friend from Amsterdam visiting me and this shocked me when he told me. He's running like a fashion agency, and he had to send a payment to Singapore. It was like 750 and he had to pay like a fee of €70. It's almost 10%. I was completely shocked when he told me, you know? And he knows a little bit about crypto and he told me: “When I had to pay this fee it made me more of a believer in the future of crypto” Kerry: Yeah, I'm not having looked at the face recently, but I think it's .1 of a NAV or it's less than that. It's not much to send a transaction on Navcoin for example the fees are quite low at the moment. Alex: Yeah, it's fractions of dollars and this is very low. Kerry: Yeah no, absolutely. So, you know, the move of assets across borders without the restrictions of governments. Let's come back to the previous part of that question. So you're saying that somebody's currency should be their own business, and if you have, you know, 700 squibbles or 700 Navcoins or 700 whatever, that should be your business and in fact, if you go back to… I think it was the 30s–20s, America actually outlawed regular users holding gold without a license and that stopped people from essentially stockpiling wealth. Now there is a push towards privacy, and I see that Navcoin is often listed among the privacy coins. Can you explain a little bit about how that works? Or at least what the idea is there? How would we achieve this potential in simple terms, you know, if I have 1000 NAV, how do I stop everybody else from knowing that you know my address has 1000 NAV or whatever…? Or that I sent, you know, you money for a pizza? Alex: Now this is a very interesting question and first of all, I would like to explain that privacy is a spectrum. Even if you could use the perfect privacy protocol, which doesn't exist because nothing is perfect in life, there are many factors that could still leak some details of your transaction; for example, doesn't matter if you are using Monero, or whatever privacy protocol, but then, for example, you use a centralized exchange, which has your data because you did KYC. If your information for some reason leaks, then your privacy is completely gone, you know? Every privacy protocol has its weak points, so if you are not aware of those weak points or the compromises of using this specific protocol, you can get like your data leaked. So at the end the difference between one privacy protocol like Navcoin and the other privacy protocols, Monero, Zcash; is the compromises that you have to be able to assume in order to transact privately for example as we've seen Zcash do. You have to be aware that the cryptographic protocol of cash requires a trusted setup, so that means that you have to kind of trust the developers who started the coin, so there is the open question. What's going to happen and also the complexity of the protocol, because it's a cryptographic protocol, that not everyone understands. So things could fail, and maybe some flow could be discovered in the protocol, which could destroy your privacy. Then you have monero, which uses more basic cryptographic primitives, but then the privacy is kind of limited. When you make a transaction, your details are hidden in a group of 10 different people, so the heuristics consist of is ok. You are one of 10, but we don't know which one of those ten. So your private kind of can be denominated as 10% of the transaction and in the account. What we do, we use a method that we developed ourselves called “blsCT”. We hide the amount that is sending the transaction and would be fewer signatures, which is the first part of the name. What we do is we are able to aggregate different transactions in an immediate way. We are not restricted to the number of 10 as monero has, but we can aggregate all the transactions that are happening at the same time in the network, so if we achieve a very high transaction volume, we are able to provide a much higher level of privacy. Now our challenge is to increase the transaction volume in order to increase the level of privacy that we can offer. That's why we are about to introduce private tokens and private and NFTs that are out somewhere utility to Navcoin. So, our goal is to increase the transaction volume to eventually increase also the privacy level. Kerry: Ok, now for anybody who hasn't been paying attention, an NFT stands for a “non-fungible token”, and a fungible token is a token that is… Essentially, they're all the same so, one Bitcoin is like every other Bitcoin, one monero is like every other monero, and one Navcoin is like any other Navcoin. So essentially, you can spend any Navcoins from any source that you own, to buy whatever it is. It doesn't have to be a special sort, and it doesn't have to be a special sort of Bitcoin or a special sort of monero. That's what fungible means, and non-fungible is where you are creating something unique, and you are storing the ownership rights to that unique object in a hopefully fairly tamper-proof distributed database so that you can prove that you have an ownership or intellectual property on whatever the NFT is. How does that sound like a reasonable sum up of that? Alex: Yeah, that's an accurate description of what NFT's are. People are using it right now to store some art. What they call art on the blockchain I see that's probably. They are just playing with things that are not very valuable, to kind of prove that this is (24.47) what works, and this will probably evolve to have very interesting use cases in the future. I think there's a lot of potential in NFTS. Kerry: Absolutely, and it's certainly a burgeoning industry at the moment. Alright, let's step back and get a bit sort of more human for a second here, cause covered some pretty heavy financial topics. How do you find managing a project like Navcoin? How do you manage all that especially with the pandemic, you know? Managing your time and communicating with the necessary people that you need to talk to, and that sort of stuff? How do you manage that as a developer of a project, and just to sort of butterfly another question you know on top of this, you have a coin I mean there are 15,000 cryptocurrencies? So, what keeps you focused on this one and how do you manage that generally speaking, do you think? Alex: I mean, first of all, I feel very connected with the identity of the project. Now the heavy fall Q some privacy is the biggest thing that connects me with the project. I mean when I was a kid, my mom used to open my bag or like read into my notes. Something that I completely hated. No privacy. Something that I really value. What makes the strongest connection to the project, also the fact that I'm being involved enough since 2016, which is already quite a few years; and during this time I've been able to create very strong connections with some people in the community. Those are people whom I know that I can really trust. So in general, it feels very comfortable you know to work on a project that really motivates me because I feel like I'm working towards our goal, which I feel it's very important in the future as in the way that it's getting shaped. And also, I feel very lucky to work with amazing humans that make everything very easy and make me feel valued. Kerry: Yeah, and I think that's one of the big powerful things about the blockchain community, when it works well, which it very often does, there is this incredible pool of intellectual property and very talented individuals that are working in this space. And in some cases very high-profile individuals that are putting some quite heavy work into these protocols. This is not just some hobby project, these are worldwide, quite large, quite world-changing projects that are coming into being (30.17) Alex: Yeah, and the kind of people that you can find in projects like Navcoin, are people that really believe in the mission that we are part of. It's a kind of individual that you can find easily like on the street or like in your daily life and is a very particular subset of the population. Kerry: Yep, now the question here basically talks about, so how do you manage your time management and your daily life and stuff when you work on the project, how do you manage your attitudes and stuff towards the project? given that you know there are people in this industry who have burnt out, how do you manage that for yourself personally? Alex: I spent a lot of time in front of the computer, and especially in the last maybe 2 years I have started to put a lot of focus on improving my performance of being aware of very small things, but even if they are small, they are very important, like taking care of my sleep, taking care of physical exercise, taking care of my diet. Even if I spend, I don't know how many hours… well… probably more than 12 hours per day in front of the computer, I learned to have like a routine. Before I was used to staying by the computer until late, but I realized that it was not really being the most efficient way, but now, I'm able to cut being by the computer at a relatively early time, then go to bed, have my 7-8 hours of sleep, wake up in the morning, have my coffee, or even lately I'm also experimenting with Java mate, which works really well to kind of push my mind into a state of clearness. Kerry: Now that makes perfect sense. I, personally have ADHD, and my previous podcast to this one, which is why I mentioned it on this one, is I have actually been legally prescribed dexamphetamine, which I'm allowed to have, because I have ADHD, and I can tell you that for me that works exceedingly well. For me, my attention is far more focused, my hyper-productivity is far more focused. Now, this is a bit of a hobby horseman, we won't stick to this for too long, but if you also discovered with all this sort of discipline and ability to control your time and spend time on the things that you find important and put value in the areas that you wish to put value in, have you discovered that focus is important and that minimizing multitasking where it makes sense to do so makes you more productive and better at the things that you'd like to achieve? if you can focus on tasks. Alex: Yeah completely, and as I was saying before, I feel like sleeping habits, proper sleep, really helps me to have a more focused mind when I work. Lately, like from 2 weeks ago, I started trying magnesium before going to sleep. I take it like 1-2 hours before going to sleep and I have much deeper sleep. I feel way more rested when I wake up, and this is being a huge change that I can feel in terms of my focus and concentration level when I work. Kerry: Excellent. So anybody who's listening to this that is in the cryptocurrency space, TLDR: take care of yourself, get sleep, look after yourself, make sure that you are in peak operating performance that in a way makes sense for you, so that you can be your best and do your best work as practically as that is, and to make sure that if you are going to show up for something that you are going to show up as completely and authentically as you can. I think that would be a fair enough statement. Alex: Yeah, I think this is a piece of very good advice. Especially in the cryptocurrency industry a lot of people spend too much time in front of the computer, and we cannot forget that there is also a life outside. In order to give the best of ourselves, it's also important to connect with our surroundings. Kerry: Absolutely. Well, that actually leads down to the next bit of the question. Other than crypto, do you get up to anything exciting? Do you have any other hobbies? What do you do when you're not staring at your computer screen? For example that you know you are happy to share with us on the podcast of course. Alex: Yes of course I mean I have quite normal hobbies. I mean, of course, spending some time with my friends and travelling as much as I can, but probably my second biggest interest after coding and technology is music. I mean, I have a background in coding and with technology since I was very young because my mom runs a software company in Spain. So from what she tells me, because I don't remember it, but when I was five or six, I was already coding, and I remember when I was eighteen that I made to myself the question “hey Alex, is this what you want to do the rest of your life?”, and for me codding in that moment, our computers in general, just meant I like to spend your time like going to this store, sitting In a database and all these guys calling you, because the computer is not working, then you have to format it so they set it up again. It sounded like something boring. So when I was eighteen, I made this question to myself and I say no. This is something that I don't want to do, and I started to get it involved in music production. I spent some time of my life working as a DJ, event promoter, producing some music, and running a music lab, and I was doing this for a few years until 2016. Then I discovered crypto again and I had the feeling that I could bring something with meaning to the world through coding, and then I reconnected again. But I still have like a full set of the machinery of synthesizers, drum machines and I try to spend some time still playing with them and doing some music, when I have some free time and I'm not coding. Also, most of my friends are kind of related to the music industry. They are artists, and I really enjoy going to see them perform or just sharing some new music and going to exhibitions. Art in general is something that kind of complements in an opposite way, no? Because coding is very logical, very cold. why are artists more involved in the opposite side of the of the humanity? Kerry: I find it fascinating that many people I come across in IT have some other creative outlet, for example, martial arts for inner circles I operate in hypnosis, or in the circles that you've talked about, music. And! I'm also a musician, just as an interesting case in point, and I do my own audio editing in Reaper, and have been involved in sort of sound and music for quite a number of years. Not quite in the sort of more visible way that you are, but it's fascinating to see that you know a lot of people do have an alternate thing that they do, to be able to sort of tickle the other side of their brain. To sort of balance things up. I'm assuming that having those sorts of interests allows you to balance out your time allocation and stuff to allow you to be more balanced and be a better you in the things that you do in these spaces. Alex: Yeah completely! And also, I mean the kind of music that I, especially like electronic music. It’s kind of a blend between both worlds, no? Because you are able to create music with the computer if you go through the hardware part. You have like a different set of machines to connect them and they interact with each other. If you let them speak, they are able to create music by themselves, so there is something also kind of esoteric, knowing yes, electronic music when machines are able to express themselves it's a very interesting topic. Kerry: Absolutely. Well, I actually do have an unplanned question for you so I'll be curious to see what the answer to this one is. So you're looking at doing NFTs with Navcoin. When it comes to doing NFT, are you looking at storing say arbitrary blocks of data say, a JPEG, song, or some sort of file, or are you only looking at storing picture data in the NFT implementation that could be coming out soon? Alex: In order to not spend too many resources on the blockchain because the space is limited, well yes actually, it's done without NFT you stored on the blockchain like a hash normally an IP FS hash which can later be used to fetch the content. It's not like you are storing the full image or the full music on the blockchain, because this would take a lot of resources. But you are referring to it should have only like 32 bytes, and this is used to download the content from the wallet for example. Kerry: What you are saying is that because a hash of the object that's being stored on the blockchain, not the actual object itself, the object could be stored in say ipfs, which is the interplanetary file system for anybody who doesn't know. It's a distributed storage system we won't necessarily go down that rabbit hole and then once you have the hash of that object you can then retrieve it from ipfs with whatever methods are there and the object doesn't come off the blockchain just the hash of the object. So if you composed an electronic song and you wanted to prove that you had ownership of it and it's your big hit and whatever else, you could absolutely create an NFT of that song and prove that you have intellectual property to it. Once the infrastructure is in place and be able to exchange, say you know copies of this song for so much currency or whatever, which is generally how NFT's work. A general question; what do you think, what's good and bad about the blockchain community? As far as the community is concerned, you've been in it for quite a while. So, what are the ups and downs of the blockchain community in your opinion? Bits you like, bits you don't I like. I have a list but you're the one being interviewed so I won't get into my list, except to say it certainly polarizes people one way or the other, fear uncertainty and doubt are definitely a thing and crazy market psychology brings it on. But what are your pros and cons, and your thoughts on the blockchain community from where you exist in it? Alex: I think it is for let's just say, that the more that the market grows and the industry grows, the most similar that it looks, like the whole population. I mean it kind of inherits like the good and the bad things from society, you know? And then we are starting to see more, read more motivation to be inside of it. Ask for speculative reasons, and just you see a lot of people who just want to know about crypto because they see it as an easy way to get rich, while at the beginning it was more people really involved with the course. With really creating value and something that is useful for people. This is maybe something that I miss a little bit, but I don't want to say that I miss it because it's still there. It is less visible, and this is the part of crypto that I really like, and the kind of individuals that I like. Connecting with people who really believe in crypto as a way to empower people and to bring freedom to individuals. Kerry: Absolutely, so let's take a project like Navcoin and let's be real. At the moment Navcoin is… Let's just say, it's a fair way down the list of cryptocurrencies if you look at, you know, popularity. Now, all of that said, everything can change. How can we get Navcoin more out there? How can we get more people into this space? Because in my experience it's not necessarily the best and most technically stable projects, that make it. Sadly, it is the projects that everybody knows about. In the very long term so can people help with this; or how do we get this out there? How do we get other than, of course this podcast which I'll put everywhere I can think, how else do we get people into this ecosystem and show them that this is something that's worth looking at and getting into? Alex: I think the most important thing is not to not lose awareness of why are we doing it, and because we are doing it with the goal of providing privacy with people, and because we assume that there are hypotheses that people will really need privacy. Because of the changing conditions that we were talking about, people will be kind of forced to use privacy-enhancing tools because it would be their only way to have, or experiment, a little bit of freedom when freedom will be at their minimum. And I think because we are not a speculative project, we don't want people on board, because they want to see the price going higher, even if it is nice when it goes higher. But the only way of growing the project is by not forgetting why we are here, and by keeping building the right tools in the best way that we can, to build the best technologies so it is ready for use whenever people need it. It is a matter of how you measure success I mean if you measure success as the position in coin market cap, where you have like thousands of tokens and their valuations are inflated because they are not real then this is very hard to get successful, but if successful means to be able to develop a product that helps people and has some real value, then I think it's more easy, you know, we just have to do everything which is to keep writing code and to keep creating the right tools for people. Kerry: And I think it's also worth mentioning, that when you look at all these projects, there is a lot of pipe in the cryptocurrency space and it's important to have projects that are actually solving problems that people have. Whatever those problems are not just projects that have got pure hype and speculation and stuff around them, and I'm assuming that because Navcoin is trying to solve real-world problems of privacy and stuff like that. Now there is another question further on down that I'll pull up here because it sort of fits in here. There is a risk that there is a proposal I believe to make Navcoin completely private. I don't think it's been voted or agreed on yet I'm not sure of the status on that, but if Navcoin were to become a private coin, it's potentially that could be delisted from central exchanges. How do you feel about that? That's certainly a big consideration that you'd have to look into, because if you're not listed on central exchanges, it's gonna be much harder to get hold of the tokens for example. Alex: Yeah I mean of course being on centralized exchanges and because changes like binance have some benefits, like having more exposure and having a better reputation. For some people giving it, some people do not really look at this, and this is something that I really value. But at the end, there is already a risk at the moment, being partially private there is a threat from regulators that could force them to their distance. So it's not something that is going to be created new. If we go fully privat and as I was saying before, all the value of the project is going to come from really creating the best technology that we can, and it's very hard to offer good enough privacy if we are not fully private because people tend to be lazy and people tend to use only the public transactions if they have the option, you know? Because they will always do whatever it has less support for them and then when you start moving from public to private, then you are losing a lot of privacy and it's not the best way to achieve privacy. So if we have to make a decision, we have to think what are the factors affecting those decisions, do we want to make decisions based on our regulated exchange or do we want to make decisions based on creating the best product that offers the best privacy? And I think the second way to try to create a better product with better privacy is the right way for Navcoin. In order to create value and also to attract individuals who also value privacy, you know? Because if we will make decisions based only on being on a centralized exchange, then the people who really value privacy are going to choose other, different projects, and we are going to be left. If people whose motivation is purely speculative, you know, they just want to treat that's with the hope that is going to be higher tomorrow, and then sell it. But this is not what not going is about or at least the image that I have of Navcoin. Kerry: Yes, and now I was poking through the command line options and bits and pieces of stuff, and apparently, I don't think it's in prime time use yet, but apparently you guys have some of the underlying frameworks to mint tokens, so you can actually mint other tokens on your blockchain. Is that correct or am I misreading something in the documentation? And things sort of one of the sorts of more hidden features. It's not sort of “in your face”. Is that a valid thing to mention you guys are looking at that sort of framework in the long term? Alex: Yeah, in the long term it's already enabled on the test net; I think it will be proposed to be activated on the main net very soon. If it will be a matter of days, weeks the latest and yeah it's something that we are going to implement, and we are also going to expand the current bridge that we have so people are going to be able to grab tokens from the violence smart chai. Let it be USDT BTC or BNB or any talking as a private, talking inside of Navcoin. And the final goal of this is, besides creating some value, giving the people the opportunity to hold those working in a private way. So to increase the utility of now, Jim creates the transaction volume, as I said before, because if we increase the transaction volume then we can also increase the privacy we have. Kerry: Absolutely. The more people you've got operating in the network, the more anonymity and privacy that you can manage. That's very interesting. I did see something though… Navcoin was forked from the Bitcoin codebase, and if I think about this for about 15 seconds, and you can tell me if there was a different reason. If you wanna build a better mouse trap, then you'd better start with a good mouse trap and make modifications to that mouse trap to make it better. Is that why Navcoin was fought from the Bitcoin codebase? Because Bitcoin was tested and proven to work in a real environment and that was a good base to start from originally? Alex: Yeah exactly. In 2014, when Navcoin started, there were not many options to choose, when you had to make the decision of what to fork so a Bitcoin was even more obvious reason now but for example now we are planning to move to be a fully private chain and for this we are going to fork the last version of Bitcoin when we started to think about it we thought maybe we should use something different than Bitcoin because the ecosystem has evolved quite a lot and we consider different options, but at the end, I think it's better to be conservative with these kind of decisions because it has been around for already many years and it has proven to be very secure, very stable. Something that I learned with time being a developer is; like you never know how things can go wrong and it's better to pick the safest option, the most secure because even if something looks very, very hyped or very nice functionality or they are promising to give you very high transaction throughput, that means to be able to send many transactions per block, or very low fees, or the smart contract capabilities et cetera et cetera. At the end, there are some compromises and all those new technologies have not been proven enough and there is those are the factor that our team is quite familiar with the Bitcoin codebase. Yes, this is a reason to keep using it. We don't have to learn… Kerry: … A new system and a new framework. And then, in a certain way better the devil you know than the devil you don't know. Now, that means that, and I assume you've got some very good people working on this but, if you're looking at starting to deploy bridges to move tokens between various blockchains, those are very high targets for attack because they are a bridge, so that means you have to make sure that your teams put as much due diligence and work into those code projects, as they can; because a bridge is certainly an attack target. There have been plenty of bridges that have had funds drained from them in the past, and whilst that is always a possibility you'd like to do everything you can to prevent that from happening. Alex: Yeah precisely. Our bridge is the sun in a way. Very conservative; and that's why sometimes you see some people complaining: “Oh my deposit over my withdrawal is taking a bit longer”, but because it is designed in a way that if there is like the minimum conflict, instead of the system taking an automated decision, it requires human intervention in order to continue. We are prioritizing security over, for example, this speed because as you said bridges are very desirable targets for attackers, and we have to be careful because they are storing people's money. Kerry: Exactly, and they're processing a lot of perceived value, and they're moving a lot of perceived value. And in fact, I saw, I think it may have been on discord or something, somebody was complaining about the speed of your bridge. We won't go into the specifics, and what was actually said at the time was; yeah we've actually got some checks and stuff in place and sometimes if it sees something that it's not sure about at this stage we get somebody to go in and check to make sure that it's not doing something unusual. Alex: Exactly, that's the point. So the course of the system is kind of improved over time, you know? And now it's working way better. It's going faster, but those checks are still in place and in case something goes a bit out of what is initially planned, then it requires manual intervention. Also, the wallets are protected by the signature. It requires the signature of four different servers which are managed by different individuals, and they have completely spread away around the world in order to increase security. So sometimes, it's me who has to make some manual intervention, and maybe sometimes we need to wait for one of those individuals who control part of the multi-signature. So that's why it can get a bit slower, but we prefer as I said to have those manual steps, instead of having everything automatize and create like a bigger attack surface. Kerry: That absolutely makes sense, and also the way that Navcoin is built, from what I've researched and what I've read, there wasn't an initial mean of coins for the creator so to speak. Like there was with Bitcoin and Z cash and whatever else, and in fact, from what I can tell most of the things that go on with Navcoin as far as decisions for how the project is going to proceed, are actually voted on in a DAO. Do you find that that is a far fairer system so that the community can decide what things are important? Alex: I mean that’s a complicated question, because initially when we create this governance system, I was maybe more agreeing like this was the right way of governing the project because theoretically, it sounded good but probably over time it has proven to show itself a bit inefficient. And also, when you have like a governance system that is permissionless which means that everyone is ready to join, to buy coins and then vote, how do you prevent someone that is completely random? Who does is not aligned with the values of the project. Some vote and demand things so it's a bit of a controversial topic, but it's something that I think there is not also a better solution. I think it is fair to give to the coin holders on voice in the decisions of the project. I completely agree with this, but I think it's kind of an open question for the whole community not only for Navcoin to develop better government systems. Kerry: Absolutely and one of the problems with the DIO systems as far as I see them is if you are a while and you have lots of tokens depending on how the system is designed it's possible for you to actually in some cases swing a vote which could not necessarily be what the project needs which is why you're looking at you know all the possible systems and things you can use to do that. Alex: I mean coming in this case, you have like a big whale. Someone who holds a lot of coins. I think it is fair to say that this individual who holds a lot of coins also has a lot of exposure to the effects of whatever is being involved. Now, so they have like a motivation to vote in the right direction because otherwise their own investment would be affected. But I see more of a problem when the system is completely open and is fully democratized, which can, on the paper, be something good but at the other end, in practice, it can turn into be into something problematic from my point of view. Kerry: Absolutely. No, I can understand that completely. Ok, so in short terms, there are lots of privacy coins out there. There's Secret, there's Z cash, there's Navcoin, there's Monero… What is Navcoin doing differently than these other systems? And you know a lot, of people when you say private coin, they think that the criminals are gonna stock up with this stuff. So even though the statistics show that criminals don't tend to use that much cryptocurrency if you actually look into the figures, how do you feel about all of that, and how's Navcoin positioned in that particular way? Why is it different? I know you talked about how Z cash was shared earlier. What sets Navcoin apart from those other projects would you say now, for you? Alex: I would explain anything else similar way as I did before. For example, you mentioned Secret. Now, for me, Secret is not really a privacy project, even if you give some fake feeling of privacy. Secret works in a way that privacy is created by encrypting the transaction information and then sending to the validator to the node, and then those nodes have like a trusted chip. It's called and then this node is decrypting your information, and you have to trust the node hardware, so they are not looking into the information that they create. So there are a lot of trust assumptions, which can fall tomorrow. And actually, this chip that I was talking about, is manufactured by Intel which has I think a fair history of having back doors on the systems that they design, so I wouldn't consider this secure enough system to consider it private. So a big difference here would be the cryptographic primitives and the trust assumptions that are needed to consider not going private and to consider secret private which are way different. Also, since the system of Navcoin that we are proof of stake said snap going apart from other projects like for example Z cash, that is proof of work. I think they want to move into proof of stake, but at the moment they are proof of work and Monero is also proof of work so that's a big difference between Navcoin and other projects. Kerry: Especially because the energy use of Bitcoin and Etherium are highly debated in environmental terms and things like that, so proof of work is seen as very unpopular these days. So proof of stake is certainly what people are looking at at the moment. And Navcoin is positioned to take that position amongst those coins. If people want to help with Navcoin, what can they do? How can people get on board with this? How would they do that? What sort of things are you guys looking for, how could people be useful to the project if that was something they were interested in doing? Alex: There are many parts of the project which would benefit of some help. I mean on the technical side, that's a developer but also on the content creation; creating technical documentation and non-technical documentation, like articles, videos, and explainers. I mean all those are areas where the project would benefit and yeah the best way to help is the answer might sound very simple but it's very simple you just do it, because we are an open-source project, where a community-based project you don't need permission to help. You will get a lot of support and help from other community members. If you have any questions, if you don't know how to start but here it shows the real spirit of crypto; which is to have your own initiative to collaborate and everything should emanate from this, you know? You shouldn't be waiting for someone to tell you what to do, but instead, have their own initiative and then start doing things. And if you show yourself having intentions of helping, everything will be very easy for you those would be open for everyone who wants to collaborate. Kerry: Absolutely, so for example that was a piece of the help screen that was confusing. This is just an example. If I was to submit a suggested fix to that wording or that particular section, because the project is an open source project that could be considered for inclusion in the project and that's true for whatever other people might be doing as well. Alex: Exactly. You or anyone is completely free to create like the suggestion, to create what is called a pull request on GitHub. You suggest some modification to the source code and then it will get commended, it will get eventually approved and incorporated to the next release. It's quite a straightforward process. Kerry: Oh yes I'm familiar with GitHub. I doubt the listeners are, but I know how to do pull requests. It means that you then have the ability to look over those contributions or the project gets the ability to look over those contributions and say “yes”, “no”, “we need to talk about this”, “oh that's not a bad idea but let's think on this a bit”, “yeah you know what that's actually pretty cool” Finally accessibility… A lot of the crypto projects aren't very accessible and a lot of the tools that are used to transact aren't accessible. Is it possible that some sort of dialogue could be opened on accessibility with the project in a view to having some of this improved? Because I think that if Navcoin was more accessible, it would be taken up by a more diverse range of people. So for example we have a lot of people in the blind community that have trouble moving Bitcoin around; that have trouble moving those tokens around, because of the inaccessibility of tools such as Electrum and such. Is that something that you know could be possibly looked into? Because I think it would certainly be a big plus for the project, you know, in the long term. Alex: Yeah, it completely could, and I'm very grateful that you bring this topic. This is something that probably hasn't been considered before because none of us is in a position where really need those accessibility tools. But I'm really curious to hear your advice and to hear what are the weakest points of our current interface and how we can improve it. Maybe you can tell me about what kind of techniques are used, and what techniques we can implement in our wallets in order to make accessible. That I agree completely with you. It will be very very valuable in order to show ourself as an inclusive community that is one of our targets. Kerry: Absolutely, and that's certainly a discussion we can have, and I'm sure there are people who will be interested in involving themselves to make sure that this accessibility and stuff does improve. And I'll be looking at some of the utilities and I'll provide feedback and stuff on that from my part. That's how I'll help out and yeah, certainly other people may look into this and if we can sort of make sure that when things like web wallets and things are designed that the underlying elements are actually accessible, then you'll get accessibility sort of along with the project rather than having to bolt it on a long time after, and I think that will make the implementation much easier. Alex: Yeah that's very interesting and I will definitely have a look because it's something that I'm not familiar with; kind of techniques can be used in order to improve this, but I'm looking forward to having a conversation about this and maybe you can point me to some resources so some of our new products like, for example, Whisper Wallet that are kind of on an early stage maybe now as you said it's the right moment to start introducing those changes. Kerry: Yes and whisper while it's the one for iOS it's not that's the iOS application. Alex: Right now it's for IOS we have the Android version almost ready so we can release the beta very soon. Kerry: Well, I'm absolutely going to have a look at that. I will certainly provide feedback and I'll be encouraging other people that I know to look at these things as well, and sort of get that moving towards a sort of more accessible space because it would be very sad to have this amazing cryptocurrency whichever it is and, you know, to wanna be able to transact it on the mobile phone and only to find out that if you're using voiceover or Talkback you can't. And that would be a terrible letdown for any crypto project and I think that if we do get the accessibility discussions into Navcoin, and there are improvements in accessibility that could really be a differentiating factor for a lot of people and that's one of my hobby horses. After seeing so much of this stuff over the years there are billions of dollars in the industry and no to minimal accessibility which is quite sad. Alex: I completely agree with you. Kerry: Yeah absolutely. All right, well, thank you for taking this time. I've really found this discussion fascinating and now if we've got listeners who are looking at how to, you know, learn about Navcoin would you suggest navcoin.org or should they Google for Navcoin or how do you think they should get started if they want to know more? Alex: I think the first stop should be our website navcoin.org and from there you can easily find some links to our discord, that is where most of the conversation is happening. If you or any of our listeners are interested more on the technical side, you will also find a link to our GitHub profile where you can find all our source code and you are welcome to contribute to it, comment to provide any feedback, then we would be very happy to receive new community members and to see the community growing. Kerry: Absolutely, and you know many hands make light work and all that sort of stuff but the more people we can get to get involved in this and see this as a good initiative and especially an initiative that can uphold privacy that can uphold freedom of exchange and can move this technology forward is certainly a project that I think more people could be interested in. Potentially exciting times ahead. Well, thank you very much and it's been an absolutely wonderful discussion and thank you for being on the podcast. It's honestly been a pleasure and I've learned a lot and I'm sure that our listeners have learned a lot, so thank you very much. Alex: Thank you Kerry for having me and setting up everything for making this possible and I wish you continue creating those beautiful podcasts that which I find very interesting. I had a listing on a few of them and I encourage you to continue. Kerry: Absolutely and I appreciate that. Thank you. I'm looking forward to editing this down, producing it up and then sharing this out openly so that you guys can hand it around and slice it up and do whatever you want with it and distribute it wherever it happens to need to go, and it can also end up as obviously on my podcast feed and wherever you guys want to put sections of it if there are certain sections you'd like to take out of it. So happy to share that with the community so thank you very much. I've really enjoyed the conversation. Alex: Thank you very much, Kerry. It was a pleasure. Support Conversations with Kerry by contributing to their tip jar: https://tips.pinecast.com/jar/kerrykos Find out more at https://kerrykos.pinecast.co This podcast is powered by Pinecast. Try Pinecast for free, forever, no credit card required. If you decide to upgrade, use coupon code r-47e191 for 40% off for 4 months, and support Conversations with Kerry.

Episode Notes Here is the next episode of my podcast. In this episode I discuss my adult ADHD, take my medication and let you listen to how it takes affect. Support Conversations with Kerry by contributing to their tip jar: https://tips.pinecast.com/jar/kerrykos Find out more at https://kerrykos.pinecast.co This podcast is powered by Pinecast. Try Pinecast for free, forever, no credit card required. If you decide to upgrade, use coupon code r-47e191 for 40% off for 4 months, and support Conversations with Kerry.

Episode Notes Alicia and I discuss Moccona, a freeze-dried instant coffee we both enjoy. Welcome to Conversations with Kerry, a series of audio interactions with people and things in my world that I find interesting. If you have any comments, queries, questions, or feedback, you can find me as at K-H-O-A-T-H on Twitter, or email me [email protected]. Thanks for listening and I hope you enjoy the podcast. Welcome, everybody, to this episode of Conversations with Kerry and day four of ADHD medication. Can we tell there is actually podcasts on a reasonably regular schedule? So here's another episode, and I have invited along this time the delightful, ineffable Alicia, welcome. Thank you. What kind of word was anyway? Ineffable. It means to look that one up. Awesome Yeah. We have to get a definition for ineffable. As you can hear, she's had quite the audio upgrade from last time. If anybody who's been following my podcast for some time, original podcast we had her on was the Doc and Alicia Fun with Hypnosis podcast, episode 15? I believe it was episode 15. And if anybody has any feedback, comments, would you like to see more of Alicia or less of Alicia on the podcast? I don't know if I want the answer to that. Well, maybe not. I would like to see more of her on the podcast because I love podcasting with people. It's fun. We're up here on Riverside on Sunday, the 3 October 2021, and I put that on just because so many of my recordings don't have dates on them. And then I go back and listen to them later and sort of go, when did that happen? So here we are today. We're talking about Moccona coffee, or we're talking about coffee. Now, I've had some interesting experiences with coffee. Coffee, when I used to drink a lot of it when I was younger, would cause me quite bad reflux. And we'll come back to that thought in a minute. And in fact, when I have been to America, and I've been to America four times, which is where Alicia is from, their coffee is made in pots and French presses. Well, how did you used to make your coffee? Actually, as a case in point, just- You know, pot or keurig. Pot or keurig. Okay, so bit of keurig coffee, bit of pot coffee. Take a few cups out of the pot throughout the day. That's a common thing No, not throughout the day. Yuck. Okay. Just in breakfast. Okay. Well, I mean, if you're I'm not opposed to having coffee throughout the day. What I'm saying is you make a fresh pot of it because letting it sit in the pot and then getting it later and heating it up in the microwave. There are people who do subscribe to this, I'll believe. Abomination. That's the problem. It is an abomination. Yes, I know. That is no, not you. Okay. All right. So we have a coffee connoisseur in. Our midst, which is that's kind of funny. I'll tell you why later, but anyway okay, no worries. So you used to drink either keurig coffee or pot coffee. Now, for people who aren't in the US. Keurig is one of those. Actually, I think it ends with a G. Keurig. Yeah, it is. K-E-U-R-I-G-I believe Keurig. Okay. Keurig coffee is one of the American coffee pod systems. So if you want to make a lot of okay coffee quickly with minimum fuss, many people default to a keurig. They probably shouldn't, but it's convenience over yum. I was going to say I believe kind of where that trend got going was for offices. Initially, people would have the keurig, paper cups, sugar packets, creamers, there's your coffee station with a minimum of mess. You weren't pouring out of a pot, you weren't making a bunch. And then either having too many people try to get coffee and there wasn't enough, or vice versa, you'd make a pot that doesn't get gone because you'd have those really big industrial, commercial office size pots. So I think that's kind of where they got started, was in offices, because someone could just make their own the way they wanted it, minimal mess. There you have it, and it ended up migrating into everybody's homes. Interestingly enough, and this reminds me of the inkjet printer on every desk that we used to have in offices. Like, I can't use the main printer, so I will have an inkjet on my desk. So keurig was the solution to that for coffee, because certain smaller offices would have a keurig in them rather than having a building coffee machine. Yeah, okay. No, that's all very interesting. I have had keurig coffee. It's not that great, in my opinion. It goes from blur to not so bad, basically. Yeah. If you want coffee and you have to have coffee and you're in a hurry, give me coffee now. Keurig. No problem. All right, so what was the problem with coffee for you? I remember you talking to me earlier in the year and just you can't drink as much coffee as you like. Yeah, well, backing that up for a second, just because I'm amused by you calling me a coffee connoisseur. I did not start drinking coffee till this 2015, so until I was 35 years old. I always loved the smell of it when I was growing up. I mean, I loved how coffee smelled, and I even because I liked the smell, I wanted to like the drink, and I never did. I used to say it tasted like water with dirt in it. Yes, I said that for years. A lot of people think that. And I was introduced to coffee when I was five, just as an interesting counterpoint, but I actually drank it. I was in the paddock, and I'm like, what have we got? And they've got, well, we've got water and we've got coffee. And I said, well, can I please have some coffee? And so they poured me a cup and you're not really supposed to give coffee to five year olds, but no, this was 1981 and the world was a different place. And I remember drinking coffee and tea at age six, which was quite a surprise to a lot of the people who were adults at the time, sort of saying, are you allowed this? Yes. Would you like to call my mum? Oh, no, we'll give it to you. Yeah. I thought it tasted like water with dirt in it. And I always said that for years. And people always said, oh, when you go to college and you start doing all nighters and staying awake doing homework, you'll acquire taste for it. Nope. When you work full time, you'll acquire taste for it. No. It actually took my now late husband getting cancer in 2015 and me only being able to sleep for about 4 hours at a stretch at one point, that I'm just like, oh, my God, caffeine, caffeine, I need it. And it became initially a battlefield necessity, and I put about as much cream and sugar in it as the thing could hold. People used to tease me, that wasn't coffee, that was dessert. And I knew I was actually getting to like coffee when it was like, oh, that's too much cream and sugar. So let's cut back on it. Let's cut back some more. That's too much. Oh, there's none in here. Okay. So, not quite what we're getting into in this podcast, but an interesting jump off point for another one. Isn't it fascinating how experience and circumstance alters our likes and dislikes without going into any further information on that No, it's okay. But that's when I finally started drinking it, then acquired a taste for it, like everyone told me for the past 20 some OD years that I would. Yeah. And essentially for you, it was a case of needs must when the devil drives. Yeah, it was basically battlefield necessity at that point, but it turned into yum yum and became something I enjoyed, not just something I needed. Okay, but you were saying at the beginning of the year that you couldn't drink as much of it as you wanted to Yeah, I lived on it from about 2015 through the middle of 2018, and it was fine. And yes, American coffee, but we actually got the good stuff, not folders or Maxwell House, because yuck. But anyway, I could drink it just fine. And then in the latter half of 2018, it really started messing with my acid reflux. You mentioned reflux earlier and to the point where it didn't matter what else I put in it, people are like, oh, cut it with milk, do this, do this. No, reflux city. And I actually had to, for a while, stop drinking it altogether. By the way, the caffeine withdrawal headaches are hell rival any migraine. Oh, my God. There was about a year and some where I didn't drink it at all, or if I was going to, I kind of paid for it. Yeah. Now, fascinatingly enough, without getting into too much, caffeine is one of the most common over the counter stimulants consumed by the world's population. Absolutely. I don't think anybody would argue that point. And so many people. Partake of tea, coffee, various other drinks, mountain Dew is yeah, I agree. Is often inhaled by programmers for focus and things like that. Okay. So I was messing with acid reflux, and in fact, I remember talking to you towards the beginning of the year and saying, do you drink coffee? Because we were getting to know each other and we were talking about everything and do you drink coffee? Was one of the important questions that came up. Absolutely. This is a make or break thing. Or no kidding, it is. And I mean, obviously we haven't gone into which audiobook Narrators do you like because that's when the fight started. But we did ask about coffee, and you had said that it had messed with your reflux, and as most people in the world do, you had a birthday. And I had discussed the instant coffee that I drink. Now, my experience with most Americans, as soon as you say instant coffee, the response is yuck. And that was mine. Instant coffee is it's like white chocolate is to chocolate. Instant coffee is to coffee if you speak to the serious coffee drinkers. And I had said to Alicia that I thought that instant coffee, as far as Moccona was concerned, was actually not a bad instant coffee as far as instant coffees were concerned. So I bought Alicia a jar of it for her birthday, and it was a little jar. That was the first little jar of Moccona you ordered off Amazon. How did you find I remember being with you the first time you made some up. When Kerry was first talking about instant coffee, my reaction was Blair, because I have tried it over the years, even after I started liking coffee, and just no, but I also know that Carrie's not just going to drink lousy coffee. So if he was saying this was good, then I knew that despite my own skepticism, I should trust his judgment on that one. So he bought me some of this. And by the way, it comes in this saying jar, because most coffee I don't know about over there in Australia, but in the States comes in cans or you can get vacuum packed bags of it. This comes in a glass jar, which I personally think is cool. I like the glass jar. So he ordered it for me for my birthday, told me how specifically how he makes it because we both like cream and sugar. They'll milk and sugar in it and described the meticulousness with which that is made. Kerry, you remember, like, the measurements and things you should describe how you do this. I do actually recall because one of the things I have discovered with having people experience foods and drinks is it's very important that somebody gets the best experience that they can have with a food and drink. So it was important to me that if Alicia was going to order Moccona and have Moccona, that we actually give her the best experience possible. So my method of making Moccona and I realize that this will cause dissent and outrage in the global community as I talk about this, this is how I make mine: One teaspoon of Moccona granules, two teaspoons of sugar, about maybe a quarter inch of milk. Stir the resulting syrup around until as much of the ingredients dissolve in that milk solution, and then top the rest of it up with hot water and give it a good stir to make sure everything is mixed in. Yes. Well, I should back this up a little bit. Carrie has turned me onto two things in the coffee arena, one of them being the Moccona of which we are speaking, the other being turbinato sugar. I had never heard of that either. Yes. Now, turbinato sugar, for anybody who doesn't know, is a less processed version of sugar that you can get in America. We can't get it over here because our sugar processing is different. Don't confuse turbinado sugar with raw sugar, because there is a difference. But I had said that if Alicia wanted to up level her coffee, she should consider turbanado sugar. It is not brown sugar, and it's not quite the texture of that either, but it's not the really fine, almost sandy texture of standard white sugar. It's somewhere in between is the only way I can describe it on the spectrum. Tends to smell and feel a little bit more like brown sugar, but not quite. You can tell it doesn't have the stickiness of brown sugar. Actually. There must be less of the molasses in there or whatever. We could certainly look that up on Wikipedia if anybody wants to know. Did you have the Turbinato sugar at the same time as the Moccona? I think you did, yes, Already ordered it for other things. I made coffee, like just my caribou blend that I like, and just try the sugar itself and discover the sugar was amazing. But I still had the coffee problem because he still had the reflux problem, hence the ordering of Moccona. So, yeah, I was talking to Carrie on Team Talk and made this. I don't like quite as much sugar as you do but I did the milk coffee sugar solution that you're talking about and poured and stirred the hot water. I don't have a cool electric kettle like he does. He has a smart kettle. I do not. I wish I did, but right now I just have the copper kind that you just put on the stove and so pour that. Stir, stir, stir. And this stuff is actually pretty freaking good. Yeah, it really is. For instant coffee. It's pretty amazing. The really amazing thing is it does not bother my reflux. I'm sure if I had a ton of it in a day it could, but I can have say two cups spread apart a little bit and no reflux problem whatsoever. So this has officially solved my I need caffeine problem without the I have heartburn problem, which excellent, makes very much happier me. Yes, better living through Moccona and turbinato sugar. There you go. There you go. But interestingly enough, and just to sort of wind back just a little bit. So given the situation we're all in at the moment with the Rona and stuff, we're still in the times of Rona, we were actually up on Team Talk together, having coffee at the same time together as a shared experience because with people being encouraged to go out less and basically the global population encouraged to stay home, sit inside, whatever, limit your exposure. And it was a fun thing to do. We actually both made Moccona coffee simultaneously and tried it and that was one of those bonding experiences. So I mean, just for future reference, are we talking about one and a fraction of sugar or are we talking just like how much sugar do you think you put in? Probably a fairly like a teaspoon, a little more than a teaspoon. Like a heaping teaspoon. I guess it'd be milk and heaps one. Yeah, basically. Okay. And also as an interesting note, we did the reason that I'm awake to record this podcast at 12:48 a.m. US time, central US time, is that we actually did the Making Moccona simultaneously thing about 4 hours ago. Yes, I may or may not have encouraged her a little bit, but here we are. And that's why this podcast is being mastered at this time. We got distracted talking to a group on Team Talk and then came across here to record this. But it is fascinating to introduce a beverage or a food supply item to somebody who hasn't had it before and join them on the journey of discovery. Especially when the journeys of discovery are good ones. I see a lot of YouTube videos where they give Americans vegemite on a spoon and I'm personally not down for that because we don't eat our vegemite off a spoon. We have far less vegemite. So it was interesting to get her some Moccona and have her experience it. And I am happy that it is something that you enjoy. So for anybody who drinks coffee, wants to drink coffee, has reflux problems, please consider Moccona. It's a little bit pricey in the US. As an interesting case in point. I usually bring a couple of jars of it across to the US. When I come over because we get it so much cheaper than you guys get it over there. And in fact, you can get a cheap jar and bring that over. And in fact, you can get a big tin, which is actually a 500 grams tin. It's bit over a pound of Moccona. They're the sort of caterer's tins. So the regular sizes are little jar, medium jar, medium large jar, big jar. And then once you go above the big jar, you get to cater as tins. And I also have seen the Moccona in vacuum pack as well. Over here, I saw the tins you're talking about because you said 500 grams. They are about $40 on Amazon. They're about $30 here, so they're still pricey. So about $10 cheaper. Because I think the Wikipedia article I read said you get Moccona in Australia and the Dominican Republic of all places. That's interesting. Speaking of getting it in Australia, I actually have had fun explaining this to several people who have known that I couldn't drink coffee because of reflux. I griped about that on social media multiple times in 2018, 19 and part of 20 and 20 off and on as well. So people knew I couldn't have it and well could, but paid the penalty for it. And so people are like, oh, you can have coffee. What kind? You know, I want to get some. And I'm like, actually this is kind from Australia. And it's always fun then to explain what it is, how I heard about it, why like it that, yes, you can get it in the US. No, you can't buy it on the grocery store because it's Australian import. So grocery stores don't have it. But it's just it's just fun watching people when they learn that you are drinking this Australian coffee. And that's an interesting phenomena as well. When Americans become involved with Australians, for whatever reason, it is interesting to see bits of our culture intertwine. There are certain American things that I will eat, like Oreos, because we can get those over here. And Pop Tarts were originally American, I believe. And it's interesting to see you get Moccona coffee. So there's also that side story of I am talking to an Australian being online and whatever else, and he was the one to get me into the Moccona coffee. So that's an interesting link off there. But it is interesting watching people's reactions when you explain it. Yes, and I don't know if any of my friends have actually ordered it. I know people, some of them have thought about it because they also have reflux problems, but it is quite tasty. It is unlike any coffee I have had before, but maybe you have descriptors to put on flavor and all that stuff. My words are failing me here as I'm trying to think about how to describe it.   Okay, so I think one of the first things I describe about Moccona is coffee is prepared in many different ways. And I believe that Moccona is an extract from the coffee beans. I'm not exactly sure what they do to it, but it is freeze dried. So that's interesting to see how it's freeze dried. And it basically comes in the glass jars, as we've discussed, or the tins or the vacuum packs, depending on what you're looking for. And when you scoop it into the cup, it's a very light, granule substance that you actually spoon into the cup.   But it's not as fine as, like, a lot of the ground coffee over here.   No, it's coarse granules.   Yeah, it's coarse granules. Not kind of the sandy fine ones that you'd see a lot of. Yes, they're quite large granules. So when you actually spoon it into the cup, it's a different sound when it drops in. I wouldn't want to explain taste, necessarily, because there are different blends. So there's MOCCA Kenya, there's Espresso, there's I'm not sure which one you get.   Just the medium roast. That's what we don't have. The varieties that you do over there, you have, like, the whole barista's choice. You have a lot of that kind of thing. Basically, what I see on Amazon are the medium roast, dark roast, and some of the flavored ones that come in the little sachets. But most commonly it's the medium roast or the dark roast that's available.   Yeah. And now, generally over here yes. So you have the jars of Moccona and you have the vacuum packs of Moccona and the tins of Moccona. There are also boxes of ten sachets or 15 sachets, or depending on the size of the sachet with one sachet makes up a drink. And some of them, most of them, I think, have milk powder in with the sachets. So you essentially mix those up with water that's close to boiling, and you get your drink, your latte, or whatever the sachet is. Now, I've tended to find that the espresso form of Moccona is very bitter and it has a very intense flavor, and some people absolutely like that. I find that the medium roast works well for me, and that's the one I tend to drink. So there is variety there. But for people who are having trouble with reflux and you want caffeine from a hot beverage such as coffee, do consider Moccona. It's an interesting option for scratching that itch. Or fulfilling that need. I'm glad that we get to drink the same coffee. It just make up two cups of Moccona.   It does. It does always help when two people like the same kind of coffee.   That's right. You don't have to have two different scents on the bench. That's certainly a thing. So it will be interesting to see how that goes. But I'm very glad that you are enjoying Moccona and that I could introduce it. And it has worked so well for you.   I'm very glad and I'm sure people around me are very glad I could have caffeine again.   I hear Alicia make it up in the morning, and it makes my heart happy. It's like, yes, that's one of the things that I've introduced, one of my hobbies. When permitted and desired, I like to find things that will up level aspects of people's lives if they're down for it. Now, if they're not, absolutely not. But, yeah, if we can get caffeine in there and make the world a better place, do those sorts of things, that makes me happy to be able to show these things off to people.   I tease him that basically my cup of coffee at this point is his design between the sugar and the coffee, neither of which I knew about at the beginning of 2021. Yes, this makes me quite happy.   Excellent. Excellent. All right, so if anybody's got any comments, queries or questions about any of this, @ K-H-O-A-T-H on Twitter and [email protected]. Happy to answer them, and we can certainly answer any questions that we've got about that. And I'd to thank you for coming on the podcast you're welcome. This afternoon, because it is this afternoon morning for you, yes. And very much appreciate your input and stuff there. So any comments, queries, questions, guys? If you got any, do let me know. Thanks for listening and hope you enjoyed the podcast. Bye. Support Conversations with Kerry by contributing to their tip jar: https://tips.pinecast.com/jar/kerrykos Find out more at https://kerrykos.pinecast.co This podcast is powered by Pinecast. Try Pinecast for free, forever, no credit card required. If you decide to upgrade, use coupon code r-47e191 for 40% off for 4 months, and support Conversations with Kerry.

This podcast discusses how I decided to get tested for ADHD, my diagnosis and initial experiences. Transcript thanks to Alicia: Welcome to conversations with Kerry: a series of audio interactions with people and things in my world that I find interesting. If you have any comments, queries, questions, or feedback, you can find me as @khoath on Twitter, or email me, [email protected]. Thanks for listening, and I hope you enjoy the podcast. Welcome to the podcast. This episode is entitled ADHD and Me. Story time: I have recently been diagnosed with adult ADHD, and it was quite an interesting journey to get to this conclusion, so I’m going to cover a little bit of that, in the hope that it may be useful and instructional to others. Now, as a child, I was always reasonably intelligent, and I did reasonably well at school. But I discovered that I really had a problem with procrastination, and getting me to do homework was like pulling teeth. It never seemed to get done. I always found other interesting and more wonderful things to do. And some would say that’s true of any child, but as the years progressed, I discovered that procrastination was a huge problem for me. I would put off important things even if those things were going to pay me lots of money, even if those things were extremely important, even if those things would negatively impact me if left to chance. And I also noticed that I was having trouble focusing on tasks that I wanted to do. I could hyper focus, I could sometimes get into projects and complete them, but I would always jump from project to project and rarely complete anything. So it was late last year on YouTube I was watching a humorous video about adult ADHD. And they basically have a comic asking you a whole series of questions, and getting you to mark off the behaviors that you experience. And I realized that the actual examples would occur to sighted people more than blind people. But I decided to try this quiz, and see what I actually scored. And I scored quite highly, which got me thinking. And I wondered over the years how many things at my job I had delegated to other people, and how many things in my job that I hadn’t actually done, and how efficient was I at working. And I came to the conclusion, not very. And I got to thinking that there may be a reason for all of this sort of behavior. So I started to research, and I discovered that a lot of these traits were, in fact, typical of people with ADHD, although ADHD symptoms could occur in other mental conditions, such as bipolar and schizophrenia. So I decided that this required further investigation. And I spoke to some people on the Internet, and got some personal stories, and decided to go to my general practitioner, and get a referral to a psychiatrist. And I got the referral to the psychiatrist, and booked an appointment only to find out that the appointment was going to be 473 dollars. But I was pretty sure that there was stuff going on, so I decided to put the money aside and go to the appointment. And I went to see the psychiatrist, who was an older fellow. And he asked me lots of questions about my family. Did I live with my family? How closed was I to my parents? Did I experience abuse? Was I depressed, anxious? Had I had psychosis? A whole range of questions. And I discovered through some research that the reason they ask about psychosis is because some people do experience psychosis when they take dexamphetamines or similar stimulant medication. There are a number of non-stimulant medications for ADHD, but the first line of defense is usually stimulant medications because they work for 70 to 80 percent of people that they are prescribed for. Now when I was seeing the psych, he asked me if I had any of my old school reports, and that if I did, could I please bring them in to the next appointment, and that he would see me in seven weeks’ time. I have to say that was a little demoralizing. So first appointment down, 473 dollars, got some back from Medicare obviously, see me in seven weeks. So, and fill in this questionnaire on adult ADHD. So I got my support workers to fill in the questionnaire on ADHD, and I also got together the school reports, which luckily my mother had saved for me and sent across to me. And we spent a couple days scanning all of the reports, and getting those into the computer and getting them into JPEG files. And I filled in the ADHD questionnaire and scanned all of its pages into PNG files. And I went to try and email in the documentation for the psychiatrist, and discovered that the system would only accept PDF as input. Not only that, that the PDF’s were limited in size as to how big they could be. And I’d initially sent them a Dropbox folder with all the necessary documents in it, but that wasn’t acceptable. So I ended up getting on to a site called PDF Candy, which can convert JPEG’s into a PDF, and I made a PDF of about 13 pages of the school report, only to find out that it was too big to upload. So, I found three pages of the school report, and put them into a PDF and emailed that through, and discovered that that would actually be accepted. Now as a case of interest, when we went back through my school reports, and looked at the comments that the teachers had left over the years, many of them said, “If Kerry paid better attention,” “If Kerry paid more attention to class,” “If Kerry was more focused.” And I’d seen those reports over the years, but hadn’t really thought anything of them. I thought well, teachers usually say that about kids and their class. But I took all of those reports into the psych in paper form, because I didn’t trust the technology that the medical systems that they were using was using. So I had a second appointment, and I was prescribed 30 Mg Lisdexamfetamine. And this is a medication that basically has a Lysine molecule which is um, a molecule that’s attached to the dexamphetamine molecule. And it’s an amino acid, and basically when you take this medication, the red blood cells strip off the Lysine, and then release the Dexamphetamine into your system. And so they had to call the script through to clearing place for scripts, (Medicare clearing place), provide my Medicare number, my script number. And I picked up the medicine on Wednesday afternoon, and discovered that you actually had to get it from the same pharmacy. You had to get the repeats from the same pharmacy as the original medication. If you didn’t do that, they actually had to do a transfer of script form to actually send the script to another pharmacy, because this class of medication is Schedule 8, and is very restricted because of its abuse potential, and people selling it on the streets, and doing all sorts of illegal things with it. So I went into the pharmacy on Wednesday afternoon, picked up the script after my psych appointment. And I found out that Lisdexamfetamine, (or Vyvanse as it’s known), has recently been added to the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme as of February this year. So I managed to pick up my script for $6.60, and I took the medication home for the night. Frustratingly enough, this medication, due to the way it works, because the red blood cells actually strip off the Lysine molecules to liberate the Dexamphetamine into the system, the medication has a two-hour onset time. So I couldn’t take any of my capsules on the Wednesday night. But Thursday morning, as in yesterday, I got up, had some food, took my first Lisdexamfetamine capsule, and waited. Now, any of you who’ve been listening to my previous podcasts will perhaps notice that my vocal tones are different than what they were on the previous podcasts. No, this is not some acting or some voice that I’m putting on just for the podcast. When the Dexamphetamine is in my system, I am significantly calmer, more focused, I have executive function, I can plan tasks, I can figure out what I’m doing with my day. I have a lot more patience, slower to anger, and I’m much happier. So this is the second day of my medication, so two capsules down, 28 to go, until I go to the pharmacy and pick up the refill. I’m not saying that this is the perfect medication. It does have its drawbacks. The two-hour onset time is inconvenient because if I take the medication at eight o’clock in the morning, it does not take effect until ten o’clock. And interestingly enough, the medication wears off around 6:00 PM, which means I essentially get eight useful hours of calm, focus, peaceful brain, lucidity. So that will be something to talk to him about when I go back to see him. Luckily I have not had too many of the side effects listed on the websites. Just one out of ten nausea, and the sort of crash when the medication comes out of my system. But I will be talking to him about options, and whether there are other options I can take that will allow me to have more useful time in a day. Whether there is either something I can do with the current medication, or other medications that would be more suitable. I know that I was given the Lisdexamfetamine because he thought that taking one capsule per day would be simpler for me. And I didn’t have to dose myself or manage dosing, which I have no problem doing. But I understand his point of view. So for the next seven weeks or so, I’m seeing how Lisdexamfetamine affects me. I’m finding my life so much more peaceful, so much calmer. I’m actually able to get things done, which is why I’m recording a podcast today. You may see more of them in the feed over the next seven weeks. And then when the next seven weeks are up, we look at our options, and see what is possible as far as any modifications to my medication, and things that I can do to make a fundamental difference to that. So I’ve shared this podcast in the hopes of sharing a little bit of my journey on the way to finding out that I do in fact suffer from adult ADHD. And I would encourage anyone who feels that they may be in the same predicament as me to consider doing the necessary investigation, providing the necessary information, and going through the necessary steps to get themselves diagnosed, if they feel that would be beneficial to them. For me, the diagnosis has been life-changing. And unfortunately at the moment, I haven’t found ways to get hypnosis to help me with ADHD. I have found the medication helpful, but I am also looking at other modalities and things that may be able to assist me, especially if I don’t have any other options as far as the Lisdexamfetamine is concerned. So I realize it’s been a bit of a personal update this month. Hope people have found this interesting. If you have any queries, comments, questions, @khoath on Twitter, or [email protected] is the email address. Happy to answer any questions, queries. Thanks for listening, and I hope some of you found this an interesting podcast. Support Conversations with Kerry by contributing to their Tip Jar: https://tips.pinecast.com/jar/kerrykos Find out more at https://kerrykos.pinecast.co This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

Episode Notes In this episode I discuss my 486Dx/33 the first computer I owned and my first modem. Transcription: Welcome to conversations with Kerry, a series of audio interactions with people and things in my world that I find interesting. If you have any comments, queries, questions or feedback, you can find me as at h on Twitter or email me [email protected] thanks for listening and I hope you enjoy the podcast. Hello everybody, and welcome to this episode of the podcast called my third computer. Now don't panic. We're not going to do an episode of the podcast on every computer I have ever purchased over the past 30 years or so. That would be a podcast series in its own right, and probably extremely boring and uninteresting to the listeners. However, the third computer that I considered my computer was a machine that was purchased for me in 1993. Now, there were some interesting circumstances that surrounded the purchasing of this computer. My first computer, as we remember, was the Keynote XL, which was obtained for me in 1987 and that was purchased for me by the Lions Club of WeWar and Narabra. The second computer that I used throughout my high school years, the keynote PC Plus. I got my hands on that in 1990, and that served me through until the time I got my actual first personal computer and I was doing my first year of year twelve. I'd split my year twelve over two years and was doing it using the pathway scheme, which allowed me to do year twelve in two years rather than one. And we were contacted by the Lions Club to say that the trust fund that had been established for me was supposed to be disbanded when I turned 18, or at least the trust fund had to be emptied of the money by a certain date. And they asked if there was a specific purchase that would do me the maximum amount of good and make a fundamental difference to my quality of life in February 1993. And the answer was my first personal computer. And I contacted a couple of friends of mine who knew far more about computers than I did. And this was the days before the World Wide Web and before the days that the Internet was as popular it is today. And we were searching with things like Archie and we were looking on FTP sites and trawling through Usenet archives. And I spoke to two friends, Tim and Shane, who suggested that I go through a computer shop in Sydney and purchase a computer from them. We had gone around and looked at local computer stores. We'd looked at Marnie Computers in Tamworth, and we'd looked at Osborne when Osborne was still selling computers before it went belly up as far as its computer business was concerned. And we looked at another one of the CPS computers, but nobody really had a lot of computers in stock. They were expensive. The shops didn't sort of keep a lot of them on shelves at that time. Sort of predated the big department store, like Harvey Norman and stuff, getting into electronics and stuff. So we spoke to a computer store, and for the princely sum of $2,995, I'm sure they just put 2995 to make it look nicer from a marketing perspective than charging a flat 3000 for it. I got the following computer hardware. A full tower case. Now, for those of you who know your old 80's style case specifications, this predated ATX that had space for four. No, it had space for six, five and a quarter inch half height drives, or three full height drives. It had space for two, three and a half inch externally accessible drive bays, and it had support for two internally accessible hard disk bays. The processor in this beastie was a 486 DX 33. That's right, 33 MHz. And the 486 DX 33 was suggested to me because it contained a floating point unit. Now, prior to this, when we looked at processors prior to the 486, so the 386 and all the way down, if you wanted a floating point unit, you would have to add in a 387 coprocessor. And you may validly ask yourself, why would a floating point unit be useful in a modern computer? And some software could utilize the three eight seven floating point to do much faster arithmetic using decimal numbers. And as you can all hear, there's rain coming down at the back. So I apologize for that, but not much I can do about the rain. That's going to have to stay in the recording. And that was the case. The processor was a 486 DX 33. The system board, I believe, was a PC partner system board. It's been a while. It was an 80's system board, full size 80. You can look that up on Google if you want to know how big that was. Six ISa slots and no onboard peripherals. So no serial ports, no parallel ports, purely just the system board and the processor. The machine had eight megabytes of ram, which was kept in eight one meg 30 pin sims, which were the little thin sticks of memory that would slide in at a 45 degree angle and then slide down to be vertical. So there were eight slots on the board, and all were populated with one meg 30 pin sims. In the system was a multi io card, which had your standard multi io layout for that sort of era of computing. So it had two serial ports, one parallel port and a games port. It had a floppy controller, and it had one IDE hard disk controller, or integrated drive electronics, as they were called, renamed in later years to Atappi. Once the protocol had changed, the machine had a 1.2 meg high density five and a quarter inch drive, and it had a 1.44 meg 3.5 inch drive. This was my dream, to have a machine that had both a five and a quarter inch drive and a three and a half inch drive so I could copy media from one size disk to another. This was one of the big dreams of good computer at the time. And it had a Trident T 8900 ISA video card. And the computer came with a keyboard, a 14 inch interlaced VGA monitor that was capable of 1024 by 768. That was the highest resolution that monitor could handle. It was a CRT. It was quite heavy, it was quite bulky. Your 15 pin VGA connector, as you'd expect, that plugged into the trident, and then a power connector that ran into the power supply on the case. You could plug the monitor into the case. There was an IEC female power connector on the case, and you could then connect that into the monitor, and that would power the monitor. Now, the PC had a pc speaker wired up, but it had no sound card. So two serial ports, one parallel port, one game port, eight meg of ram. It also had one IDE controller that was connected on the Isopus, and the hard drive was split up into one partition when I got the machine of 212 megabytes. The hard drive being a faithful Maxta seven two 1380 IDE drive. So for the first month, my computer ran DOS, just DOS five, a copy of the ASAP screen reader. And due to another very generous donation that I had gotten that year, I had access to an arctic transport speech synthesizer, which I plugged onto one of the serial ports. Now, they were asking me whether there was anything else that needed to be added into the computer over and above the base computer specs, because that was the basic stuff that you got with a computer in those days. And we had asked if we could get a modem. Now, for those of you who don't know what a modem is, it's a modulated demodulator, a device for sending digital data acoustically over the planol telephone system, the PSTN public switch telephone network. And for an extra $649, they got me a Spirit Two modem. So, an australian branded modem sold by Dick Smith Electronics at the time, maximum speed of 14,400 bits per second. So in the old modem speak, the maximum capability was v 32 biz. It had data compression for data that was compressible, and it had error correction that could be negotiated between you and the remote modem. Now, I can't remember the names of the error corrections. MNP 4 and MNP 5 are springing to mind, but it's been a long time since I did modem tech, so on one of the system was a spirit two modem, and on two was my speech synthesizer. Now DOS wasn't a bad operating system. It worked reasonably well. There was stuff I could run under it. DOS five had some interesting quirks. I learned how to optimize my low memory and how to get DOS into high memory, and how to make sure that as much of the main memory was free. And I would spend an hour or two optimizing my config sys and auto exec band to make sure it was all set up properly. Now, in March of 1993, Shane sent me six 1.2 meg high density five and a quarter inch disks. The first disk was a boot disk, the second disk was a root disk. And when you booted up the first disk it would load Linux 0.99 patch level four. It's the first kernel I ever ran, and you would switch over and put in the root disk, hit enter, it would load the root disk, and then I had to execute do shell/dev/cua1 /bin/sh and that would actually throw up a shell on the serial port by which I could access the Linux system from my school laptop. So I had a null modem running from two of the system into the laptop, and then on the laptop I had Ms kermit running and I could actually do the Linux install onto the hard drive. So my first job was to split my 212 meg hard drive into two partitions of approximately 100 meg each, 100 meg for DOS and Windows 3.1 and 100 meg for my Linux install. And a few days before I traveled to education camp, I installed my first copy of Linux off those six or eight 1.2 meg high density floppies. And that allowed my system to dual boot Linux or DOS using Lilo. And I could either choose to come up in DOS with my Windows setup for sighted people because windows wasn't really accessible to me back then. Or I could come up in Linux and use that from my laptop over a null modem cable. And for years, probably up until 1999, I did most of my Linux access over a null modem cable using Ms Kermit or telex. And in fact I had floppies that I had used either Lzxe or diet to shrink down the copies of Ms. Kermit and stuff to take up less space and stored those on the floppy disk so that I could actually log into the Unix system and administer it. Now, interestingly enough, the computer wasn't bad, but I discovered that I wanted multimedia capabilities on my computer. It didn't come with multimedia capabilities because that was significantly more expensive. And I remember going down to the local Harvey Norman that did have a reasonably sized electronics division and I bought a multimedia kit for $299 and that included a Pro audio spectrum 16 sound card, which is one of the quietest, cleanest early sound cards that I've ever seen on a computer, and a Phillips CMS 206 CDROM, which was barely capable of sustaining one X CD speed and most multimedia content that required a reliable data speed from the CDROM would stutter and shake and do all sorts of annoying things with the CDROM drive because it really wasn't that fast. The other big problem I had with the multimedia kit that I had bought at the time was that the Pro audio spectrum 16 card was beautifully supported by OSS free sound drivers under Linux. However, the CDROM interface for the Phillips CMS 206 was not supported under Linux. So I had access to CDROM disks in DOS Windows, but no access to cd's in Linux, which is where I ultimately wanted to install my software from when I had purchased my Linux CDs by mail order. Now, before I had the multimedia kit, I had gone out and bought myself a soundblaster Pro card. And I don't know whether you remember the soundblaster Pro cards, but they were only capable of stereo up to 22,050 samples per second. They were an eight bit card. They basically did take the computer from producing no audio to producing quite a reasonable amount of audio, including fm midi files and passable quality stereo sound out of the Soundblaster Pro, which was also supported in Linux. Now, when I upgraded to the Pro audio Spectrum 16 and the Philips CMS 206, unfortunately the CDROM wasn't supported. But the sound card was beautifully supported and it supported 16 bit sound at up to 44 100 samples per second, which was quite nice for the time. Very clear line in, very clear microphone in a very well shielded and constructed card. After this, I bought a newer multimedia kit which was a Mitsumi two speed drive and was one of the knockoff sound cards that had a Panasonic, Sony, and Mitsumi CD interface on it. So it basically had three sets of pins that you could plug one CD ROM drive onto, and then you would set jumpers to say which CD ROM drive would actually work on those connector pins. Now interestingly enough, the Mitsumi CD ROM was supported under Linux, and once I had set the base io port and interrupt line correctly, I was able to access cd's under Linux and install lots of software onto my hard drive off cd's, which was much faster than downloading it at 14.4k bits per second over a modem. So it was a different world. The actual sound card I had was an ESS 1688, which is the one that predated the plug and play setup. And it meant that I could connect a cable from my computer into an amplifier, run it into a set of speakers and games such as Comanche Maximum Overkill could produce very realistic explosions and sort of a very mechanical sounding voice saying target destroyed, which from a computer that couldn't produce any audio or at least just beeps and clicks. And there were ways of getting audio out of the pc speaker, but it was quite a messy, yucky sounding audio that came out using pulse width modulation and extremely high CPU load. But that was my first computer and that computer served me all the way through until 1995. And it was a good machine. It did everything I asked of it. I had it for quite a long time. The first machine ever to be known as G o t s s 1, gotss 1. Now, interesting history of Gotss, which you've seen in my email address and I've announced it on every episode of the podcast that I've ever produced. Back when I was 13 or 14 at high school, we had decided that we would create a secret club that we originally called the Secret Society of the Silicon Sorceress. And a friend of mine had come up with a snake looking logo that was made of a whole lot of connected S's because we had SSS, which was all very illiterate and stuff. But we decided that the secret society of the Silicon Sorcerers sounded a bit pretentious. So I opted for something slightly less pretentious, although probably just as pretentious, and renamed the club to the Guild of the Silicon Sorcerers, which were a set of knowledgeable computer users, including myself, people that I considered friends and allies in my computer escapades. And we would get together and do various projects and cooperate and very skullduggery and GOTSS became a sort of moniker for things I had. And my first Linux box was called GOTSS 1. When my first Linux box got increased access to the Internet and networking support went into the kernel. As of 0.99 patch level nine, I actually ended up having to rename the machine to Gotss1.apana.org.au. And Apana was the Australian Public Access Network association and they were trying to bring affordable Internet to hobbyists from the big providers and provide email and other connectivity services. So my email was actually sent and received over the modem via UUCP. And in fact I set up Taylor UUCP to do this. And my mail transfer agent was responsible for handing stuff off to UUCP, which would be uplinked to a machine called Ion which stood for Internet online. That was a machine run by my friends in Sydney for a while, and then from there the mail would be batched out and sent out to the Internet proper. So the MX records for Gotss1.apana.org.au were pointed to various machines in the Apana network which were then responsible for batching up that mail and sending it to me via UECP. And I used to call up two or three times a day over the telephone network with my modem to send and receive email. So all of you youngsters and people who are used to getting almost instant email delivery, I would check and send and receive email and Usenet news groups for the news groups that I had subscribed to twice to three times a day. And I did not have real time access to the Internet apart from shell accounts. So that was Gotss one, the first computer I ever owned. If you've got any questions, comments, feedback, you can ask them if there's anything more you want to know about the machine. It was a good machine. It served its time. The hard drive was always reliable. The drives worked well. I remember it had a BIOS that was an AMI BIOS from June 92, which seemed to be compatible enough. The system CMos was pretty straightforward. We knew what all the options did. And in fact these were the days before an IO epic. And an IO epic basically allows a modern computer to have up to, I think, 256 interrupt request lines. Back in the day we had 16 IRQ, obviously IRQ zero being used for timer, and IRQ one being used for the keyboard, and IRQ eight being used to chain the two controllers together, and various other interrupt request lines used for other things. IQ seven being used for the parallel port. So certainly a look back into the old days of personal computering and pc computing, where your computer could essentially cooperatively multitask in Windows 3.1, or it could multitask in Linux. This was before Minix had become free. Or you could run various other operating systems on the four eight six. I still remember silly things about the machine, like the fact that the processor had two hundred and fifty six k of cache external cache, and that basically made the processor behave like a 111 mhz PCAT, the original PCAT running at 6 MHz. So, fun times indeed! But thanks for listening. Hopefully this one hasn't been too boring. Certainly an exploration into the worlds of nostalgia and old time computing. And if anybody has any questions, hit me up and ask me and I'll be happy to tell you anything you want to know about Gotts one or anything else you might happen to want to know about that time of my life. Thanks for listening. Support Conversations with Kerry by contributing to their tip jar: https://tips.pinecast.com/jar/kerrykos Find out more at https://kerrykos.pinecast.co

Episode Notes In this episode I discuss how I can fund the podcast, ask for feedback from people on what they want to hear and provide a life update. Support Conversations with Kerry by contributing to their Tip Jar: https://tips.pinecast.com/jar/kerrykos Find out more at https://kerrykos.pinecast.co This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

Episode Notes In this episode Derek Lane and myself discuss some of our introduction to audio and a little about the art of choosing a microphone. If you wish to reach Derek you can email: [email protected] Transcription: Kerry: Welcome to this episode of conversations with Kerry. And I'm delighted to invite a friend of mine on to discuss a fascinating topic. And that is, types and varieties of microphones because obviously, if you're going to record stuff, one of the things that you will need to do that is a microphone. And this fellow who I'm going to invite to the podcast, I met in 2011. I think it was Hello, Derek was it 2011? 2012? It was 11. And I was mystified because there wasn't a lot of hiss in his audio background, we were running an academy. I had headsets, and they hit like a snake. And I couldn't figure out why Derek's audio was so clear. And in fact, I think you'll find that it wasn't always this good either. You started off from humble beginnings as well, I think you told me you started off with some very entry level gear when you were young and upgraded as you as you got older. Derek: Yes, so basically, I had two options. When I recorded in the computer, when I first got an actual machine capable of recording audio without messing up things or freezing, I could either connect the really crappy microphone that came with the computer to the computer and pick up a lot of hiss and ambience from the kitchen because the computer was sort of in the dining room as a central Family Resource. Or I could record my audio on a tape, and then hook a tape deck to the computer and play it off of the tape. So then that gave me a different set of issues. So I could I could pick the poison as it were. Kerry: So on the one hand, you could have sort of iffy sounding audio from the computer's microphone with background, kitchen, ambience and whatever else. Or you could have tape hiss and the artifacts from the actual tape recorder? Derek: Pretty much. Yeah, I'm sure in my room, I had a mixer. And it was a Sony 3 Head Cassette deck. And so I could make good quality recordings for what it was and the time. But you still had the nice, wonderful, idiosyncratic characteristics of tape plus poor mp3 encoding because this was the late 90s, early 2000s. And I was on dial up so naturally, the sacrifices in the compromises were pretty nasty. Kerry: Yeah, if you're on dial up, and I remember these days quite well, because we were on dial up and stuff as well. Your general encode bit rate was 128 kilobits per second or lower. It was a meg a minute for music. And it took a long time to download that. I mean, you're looking at four and a half to five minutes at 56k. So you were looking at a mag every 20 minutes at 14, four, or a mag every 10 minutes at 28 Eight. So it took a long time to download things Derek: To break it down. If the song was five minutes long, it might take you 15 or so. Especially if someone was sending it to you over email, you know, and they had to upload it themselves. It was a if you wanted the song. In other words, you really, really wanted that song. Yes, that recording from your friend. Kerry: And in fact, I think I would argue that because media was more hard won back in the late 90s, early noughties. We valued the files in a way more because they were harder to get and harder to obtain. And it was like wow, I have whatever it is that I've managed to download. Now, one of the things you said to us as part of the recording course. Now, Derek taught recording courses for us for a number of years for the Cisco Academy for the visually impaired, overworked, underpaid, but did manage to have quite a lot of fun doing it and got him into the Jive of teaching. That you said An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. So did these early years teach you that the cleaner and better your input sources and things were the ultimately better? Your final results could be? Derek: Yes, because audio cleanup software has advanced significantly over the last few years. But back then it technically worked but left its own mess in the wake of the audio that was preserved and quote unquote, restored. I mean, you had things like verbose audio wizard and dark pro 98 and ruber mechanic and that was about it. And the accessibility varied, the quality varied, it's just, it was. So if you could at the source, get your audio cleaner, not only would it sound better, even though you did have some rudimentary processing back in the day, but the computer itself would take, you know, anywhere, at least the one I had anywhere from, you know, 20 to 30 minutes to clean up a file, you know, a 10th, the length, it would take a long time to do. So that was another step. Kerry: And so you would essentially set your parameters and wait for the results of the job. So you'd literally go exist somewhere else, have a drink, eat lunch, come back, and then check what the results of the processing work. Derek: And if they weren't good, ye did it again. Kerry: Yepp, and it was rinse and repeat. And there was a lot of patience. And you learned to be intuitive with your settings as much as possible, even though that wasn't always possible. And you learned that because the batches took so long to run, you wouldn't actually run the job unless you were sure, or at least reasonably sure that the parameters were accurate. I remember when we made our first mp3 CD back in 1996. And we all got together a number of us and questionable legality, but it was many years ago. And we encoded 650 Meg's of mp3 all at 128 kilobits, we cringed about it later. But that's how the audio world is you do the best with what you have at the time. It used to take 15 to 20 minutes to encode an mp3, especially if you're using something like what was it called Fraunhofer? Fraunhofer was very slow. I'm sure you've used that back in the day. Derek: That sadly, it was the best you could get. It was the sound for bit rate, the quality, you know. Kerry: Quality was phenomenal and then you had things like zing that were much faster and cringe worthy in a lot of ways Derek: And then the ever horrible blading. That thing was nasty. Kerry: It was it was but a lot of us resorted to it because it was faster than L three NK L three dec, even though we shouldn't have. And we've sort of put up with the results that came out of that. But it's fair to say that even though we're almost 30 years on 2021, and the world has changed a lot. I would argue that the analog components in a studio slash recording setup are still very important Derek: Yes, especially these days, with everyone working from home, we have had a sort of slump in the quality that is acceptable in the mainstream. But there is the situation where if you have a higher quality sound coming into someone's podcast, that could potentially lead you to other opportunities. Hey, you sound really good. What are you doing? Would you like to edit my podcast? I'll pay you 50 bucks an episode or 100 bucks an episode or whatever, just by virtue of showing up and sounding good? Yes, or I have this family gathering that I will really, really want to record because time is precious, and people age and these recordings are my picture equivalents. And I'd love to, you know, capture them and the ambience of the gathering the ebst I can. So there are all kinds of reasons to invest in audio gear. Now, once you get past a certain point, there's also a law of diminishing returns that kicks in. Kerry: And I know we've talked about this, but would you agree that in the last sort of 10 to 15 years, I mean, you still have to put reasonable money into your audio gear. But the lower end has improved quite a lot. So what you can get for one to $200 is a lot better than what you could get for one to $200 So 10 years ago. Derek: I would absolutely agree with that. Especially considering that there's also a lot more awareness of measures you can take to make the most out of that equipment, be it a $20 microphone, or a $200 microphone or a $1,200 microphone. There's still certain things that just make the sound better Kerry: Oh yeah, absolutely absent Derek: For example, if you have fan noise from your computer And the mic is picking that up no matter what you do. Can you move the computer away from the microphone? Yeah. If when you're typing, and you know, that's actually generating a lot of thump through the microphone, it may not look the coolest. But take a few towels, fold them kind of in a square, and then put the mic stand on those towels, and that will dampen and decouple the sound of you typing and, you know, hitting the desk or whatever from the microphone. Kerry: I remember, in the mid naughties, you had a lot of people who had computer setups, and they had external hard drives, and all of the external hard drives hung out on the desk. And they would put their digital recorder on the desk connected up to the computer, and your recording would be full of (Kerry makes fuzzy noises) from the 7200 RPM hard drives. And you would find that if they lifted that recorder up, put something soft under it some sponge or towels or clothing or something soft, you could actually greatly minimize that noise and greatly minimize that interference. Derek: And of course, that is naturally getting back to the An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure or cleanup or what have you. Because yes, are there tools that can reverse some, you know, some of that and take some of that sound out? Oh, yes, in fact, they can do a remarkable job. But again, it's learning how to use them, assuming you even want to, it's taking the time to use them, once you have taken the time to learn how. Kerry: Yes And it's also knowing how to use that getting the knowledge to be able to set the parameters in such a way that when you run audio through these tools, it doesn't do irrevocable damage to the audio or leave artifacts behind. And I don't know whether you've noticed. And partially it's the I think it's the pandemic that's a result of this, but you actually get some quite horrible audio quality coming in on radio interviews these days, you know, because people are out and about on location, and they using their phones and whatever else. And that's what they've got. And that's what we tend to get as the as the audio coming in. Derek: And that has inspired companies such as isotope to create a function in their advanced RX product to look at what few highs exist in a recording, and then guess what the absent highs would be and actually synthesize them. And like anything else, any process results may vary. Have I gotten incredible sounding results with this process? Yes, I have. I've you know, taken you know, someone on a bad zoom call with that kind of echo canceled iPhone nastiness. And you know, you don't hear any highs. It sounds like they're talking from far away even though they're not. And, you know, it's taken that engine just made that sound a lot smoother. Depending on the voice though, there are some voices where that just doesn't work. You no matter what you do can still distinguish between the synthesized RX sound and the recording. And that's just the way it is Kerry: Yeah. No, that's fair enough. That's fair enough. Now as you advance through your audio career, did you find that as you had the means and ability to improve your microphones? Did you find that the source material your recording was actually getting better and better as you did that? Derek: It was getting different. It was getting different because yes, I had a computer in my wrist before I moved out of my parents place. I had a computer in the bedroom so I didn't have to connect it via either running a cable all the way up the hall from my room to the dining room area, or put audio on a tape or use the crappy microphone from the computer. I could record directly in but of course I heard the hype about you need to get a condenser microphone. You really want to have that awesome sound that really cool studio sound. You need a condenser mic that's just what you gotta have. Well, yes, I fell into that hype. And for 80 bucks, I bought a condenser mic. Oh, yeah. And this thing was amazing, because it did have that really nice bassy presence. It did have that shimmer on the high end. And it also picked up every freaking thing in the room. Everything Yes, your computer fan. If I moved in my chair, if, you know a flea farted everything, it didn't you know, the mic wasn't supposed to do that it was advertised as a cardioid microphone, which means that it picks up in one direction. But that one direction was a circle. Practically. It was just not a good. So that's why I say it was different. So that I could use processing to minimize the computer fan, because it was a loud computer fan until I had the money to get a better power supply. I had all kinds of nasty computer noise that I had to take out. Yes. But by about 2008 or nine, I had solved all those problems. And so I was ready to present myself in the way you heard me in 2011, when I had also upgraded the microphone, again to something that was much better. But still a condenser microphone with the pickup problem of getting a fair bit of the room if I wasn't careful. Plus, I had moved and had a dedicated studio room. But that may not be you, you may not have all this dedicated stuff. And so naturally, you want to make the most of what you do have. Yes. And so, you know, that's my story, some of it being relevant Kerry: If I remember correctly, in 2011, you were on the CAD M 176, or 177 Derek: 177. So that was my upgrade. And it's still a good mic. I still like it. It sounds very different from this microphone. Yet it still has its place. Would you like to hear it? Kerry: At some point, yes. Yes, I want to what I do want to point out to the listeners at the moment, though, is that Derek is talking to us on the SM seven. And and so make sure it's a shore mark? Sure it is. But it's it's quite an expensive mic from shore and a very nice mark from shore. It's a dynamic. So he has a lot of top end. And he sounds quite reasonable at least you sound as though you've got a lot of top end on this end when I listened to your signal. So it's almost the best of both worlds in a way from dynamic and condenser, you've got the rejection of the dynamic, but you still have a good frequency profile. Derek: And for those who don't know what a dynamic microphone is picture a speaker in reverse. So if you, for example, plugged a set of headphones into a microphone input, they would be the really horrible sounding set of microphones. Yep. And if you plug a microphone into a headphone jack, and it's a dynamic microphone, you will very quietly hear the audio that's being produced by the device to which you connect to the microphone. I have not used this microphone as a speaker though. But I have used cheaper mics as speakers in my childhood when messing around to see what happens if I, et cetera. Kerry: When I was actually when I was actually younger, my mother had a stereo system. And it came with two dynamic microphones that you could plug into the front of it, one for the left channel and one for the right channel. And they had 3.5 mil audio jacks and you'd plug them into the stereo and you could record with them and nobody ever recorded with them because nobody did that when I was that young. But you could plug these things into the stereo and turn the speakers up and make yourself sound very loud provided you didn't feed back. But then I discovered that if you actually plugged one of these little microphones into the headphone jack, the radio would come out of the little microphone, which I thought was kind of cool. Yep. Yeah. So dynamic microphone, they do not require phantom power, or plug in power. They are a coil moving in a magnetic field, often with a diaphragm attached to them. So that the the I don't know. I haven't actually pulled apart of an expensive dynamic microphone but I did break a whole lot of cheap ones and essentially what they had was a coil attached to a piece of cellophane. These are the really cheap ones. And that cellophane would vibrate the coil in the magnetic field which would induce a voltage That would give you your signal. Derek: And a little tiny very very small signal. Very low Kerry: Very low, yes. Derek: And so of course you had to have electronics. And so one of the things of course you needed was a good microphone preamp. And what is a microphone preamp? Pray tell microphone preamp is something that we all have a lot of in our lives of various qualities and totally take for granted. They are the devices they may be an entire piece of hardware, they may be a little integrated chip on something that take the very, very quiet signal from the microphone, and then boost it up to a much louder signal that other audio equipment likes to deal with Kerry: Yep and depending on the quality of that preamp, and the build of that preamp, and how well that preamp is is shielded and installed, will negatively or positively impact your signal. Derek: In fact, because this dynamic microphone is so low, even though I'm running a very good microphone preamp in the mixer that I have, if I turn it up loud enough, you will hear some hiss now I have to turn it up so loud that I better not do anything else but exist, but it's still there in the background, so but I had to turn that…- Kerry: Way, way, way up. Derek: Yes. Oh, yeah. Oh, yeah Kerry: And one of the things I will say about Behringer preamps, generally speaking, Behringer, mic preamps. And I think this is pretty true across a lot of their range. They have a lot of dynamic range in the preamps. Now, whether you want to use all of that dynamic range is questionable, you often do not want the trims on Behringer preamps at full unless you're doing very specific things in very specific circumstances. Derek: Yes, even this microphone is one for example that you wouldn't want to turn all the way up. By the way the trim in case we want to sort of initiate you into the whole audio geekery stage is just basically the volume, the amount of volume that the preamp provides. So with the trim all the way down, the signal basically passes through unchanged, you start turning up the trim, you start making that preamp do more and more and more work revealing noise at some point. Now with a condenser microphone, because as Kerry mentioned they have phantom power given to them by your mic preamp. They have their own circuitry that is capable of generating noise. And so you may have a great preamp and a noisy microphone that completely nullifies the quality of the preamp. Or you may have an incredibly awesome microphone with incredibly awesome specs that will provide a great signal with very little if any noise in it. But if the preamp isn't good, then you're going to get noise from it. And the crazy part about it is is when you're dealing with extremely high end microphones, some of them have even with condenser mics, a low output. And so you may find with an expensive fancy microphone, you're getting more noise in your setup than a cheaper mic that may not have as good spec on it in terms of its background noise, but that has a hotter output. So if you read about all these people who have these incredibly expensive mics, they may not serve you as well as you might think. Kerry: And if so if you don't have the supporting equipment to run an expensive microphone or really top end microphone, like a Neumann or one of the higher end, I need to mortgage my house to afford this thing. You may be better going towards the more mid range or lower than the top end because your underlying gear can't afford to run that sort of gear efficiently. I'm going to turn it off for a second here and point out that if you have enjoyed any of the audio geekery in this podcast and these topics do interest you then you should certainly look into IC music because they teach a lot of this stuff and they teach a lot of these courses. And they also teach how to use digital audio workstations and a whole lot of other things. And if you have lots of money and you'd like to spend it you can also find Derek and he might teach you Derek: I have full I know I do work with people, I try to understand where they're from, where their is and where they're coming from. Because, you know, quite frankly, I want to help people help themselves. Yes. But I want to do it in such a way where everybody wins. Kerry: Absolutely, absolutely. And sometimes you can help somebody. And you can do it at quite a reasonable price point for that person, because you understand where they are and what they're doing. And the dream, slash project that they're doing is something that you enjoy and you feel is worthwhile doing. So you will provide that help. Whereas you want the people that you help you want them to be invested in the production of their material and passionate about their craft, I would say is a fair statement. Derek: Yes, I would absolutely agree with that. And, you know, the fact is, if you're not passionate about it, you don't have that dream, then you're going to eventually decide that it's not worth it. The financial factor may play into this, the time it takes to become proficient may play into it. But ultimately, you're going to decide that it's worth it or it's not. Kerry: Yep. And I think that's something that's worth mentioning. You want people who are passionate about it, and you want people who are invested in the projects and things that they're doing. Because that way, I know for myself personally, that way people are making effective use of my time and my knowledge and my resources. Because there have been times when I have bailed Derek out of semesters in other technical spheres. Derek: Yes he has. Kerry: We make sure that when he gives me a call that there is a problem there that I'm solving and that I'm working towards fixing and Norbert will thank me and so will your DNS settings and a few other things. Derek: Norbert Lully, my NASS, which is basically a fancy file server. Fancy file server? Yes. Yes. It is. that's a brief way to describe boxwalla. Kerry: And yes, referring back to one of my previous podcasts, yes, he does have backups, which is very important. Now, are we getting into playing with things today? Or will that be enough for now? And we'll come back into the mics and other day, I'm happy either way? Derek: Well, I think what we should do is call it an episode for now, because we have definitely in and inundated people with details. All right. And what we plan on doing for the next episode of conversations with Kerry is demonstrating several microphones, and how they can be most effectively used. And we're going to go anywhere from we're going to start with a $20 microphone. And we are going to work up to a $1,200 microphone. Kerry: And I think that's going to be fascinating for our listeners. And I think also the thing that I would point out about all of this stuff, and we are going to show you some very interesting things. And I might even pull out some cheap microphones that I got off eBay, because I think that would be worthwhile. Absolutely. I think the thing that I want to point out before I hit the stop button here is something that's really important when you are choosing a microphone, and we will get into this next time we record when you choose a microphone. Ultimately, you are the one that has to be happy with that microphone. When you put your hard earned dollars, coins, cryptocurrency, whatever you're gonna spend on actually doing this. And you listen to this microphone and you test and you do all the things with it. You have to be happy with what you purchased. And without starting a holy war. Everybody has their opinions on microphones. We know that Derek and I have a mutual friend who doesn't like the SM seven that much. And that's okay. They're entitled to their opinion. And they're absolutely entitled to that and they are entitled to use whatever they would like to use on their setup, as Derek is absolutely allowed to use whatever he wants on his setup so that he can decide what sounds good and what he enjoys. Derek: let me speaking of of enjoying mics and using various microphones and enjoying some of them and not enjoying others. This is officially to debunk the idea that a condenser microphone is the right kind of microphone for you. And you definitely need a condenser mic no matter what you do. I would imagine that even over the slightly bandwidth limited chat that we're hearing live, you're getting a much better recording on the podcast. You can tell this microphone does not flatter my voice. But it's condenser microphone, so it's awesome. Oh yeah, it's good. All right, yeah. And it runs it like, you know, I turned the mic preamp almost all the way down because it's a lot hotter of an output than the SM seven. So that makes it even better, right? Oh, yeah, yeah, yeah, it's actually turned it up a little bit. already. And that was still turning the mic preamp up of about half of the amount that I turned that mic preamp up for the demonstration of the SM seven. But this microphone has its own self noise. But it's a condenser mic. So it's awesome. Everybody run out and get a condenser microphone right now, because they're awesome Kerry: Well fascinating point, actually. And this is a bit of a tangent, but I mentioned it because this was an experience I had in 1999 - 2000.  Many disc because I had the Sony M Zed 90 Mini disc recorder. And I remember that that was the first time that I actually had trouble distinguishing my recordings from the actual real world. If that makes sense. I actually could get confused as to what was in my headphones and what was going on around me with the MiniDisc. And even then I had microphones with self noise that ran off a double A battery and that sort of stuff. But they were still good enough to, to make me wonder whether somebody was actually saying something to me in person, or whether it was being said to me in the headphones. So, but yes, condenser microphones are not always better. Now. And not, not every condenser microphone is awesome. And not every dynamic microphone is awesome. And in the next episode, you're going to hear things from awful to awesome. Derek: And make find the more some of the more expensive things you hear to be awesome. But not awesome enough to invest all that money in.   Kerry: No. And probably the final point I'll make is depending on your voice and what you're recording, or depending on the voices that you are recording and what you are recording, different microphones suit different people. So for example, I don't do too badly on the road and T one, although I have to make sure I don't edit that out. I get lots of math noise. So there are downsides. It's not perfect for everyone. But other people don't do as well on this microphone and other people don't do as well on other microphones, which is why when I went to an audio store, they actually do an interesting thing, which I found fascinating. They blindfold you, if you're going to do voice work, and they record you on a series of different microphones. And they put all of the recordings onto the thumb drive and give it to you. And you take it home and listen to it. And then you double blind, listen to the recordings and pick which one you like. And then when you identify the recording, they will then match it back with the microphone that it came from.   Derek: So that gets rid of our bias. I love it. Yeah, I love that. I absolutely love that   Kerry: And they said I was actually speaking to the guy and he said some people, they don't pick the Neumann e 47, or whatever it is. They don't pick the $3,000 microphone. They've picked something that's mid range that suits them better. Yep. Yep. Yep. So part two, we will show you some microphones. We'll show you some cool things. Do you still have the CMC cm 177 That makes the weird noises when you turn it off?   Derek: Yes, I do. Yeah, yeah. Yeah.   Kerry: Well, good. We will play with that one.   Derek: Yeah, that's fun.   Kerry: That is fun. We'll definitely show you that. But thank you for checking in for Episode One. I appreciate your involvement in the podcast, Derek, and thank you for contributing your wisdom and knowledge as always, and I and I'm sure my listeners once I get this edited up are very much looking forward to part two, where we are going to listen to a number of different microphones possibly on definitely on Derek side and possibly on my side as I have different microphones here that I can also use. So thank you. Take care Support Conversations with Kerry by contributing to their tip jar: https://tips.pinecast.com/jar/kerrykos Find out more at https://kerrykos.pinecast.co

Episode Notes Here is a podcast about TV Dinners, what they are and I cook one live on the podcast. Support Conversations with Kerry by contributing to their Tip Jar: https://tips.pinecast.com/jar/kerrykos Find out more at https://kerrykos.pinecast.co This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

# In this episode I chat to my mother about the 1976 Pilliga flood and my early childhood as a blind person.

In this episode Alicia and Doc join me on the podcast to discuss fun and practical demonstrations of hypnosis. They go into trance with me to demonstrate some of the more fun aspects of trance.