From wearable devices to digital hospitals, modelling disease patterns to training medical professionals - AI is having a transformative impact on healthcare. But the challenge remains to develop and deploy innovative and agile solutions that can unlock the data needed for precision medicine. Where exactly are we with this technology? What is its potential and what dangers do we need to safeguard against? TOPICS WE DISCUSSED INCLUDE ● How AI can provide decision-making support, disease treatment and precision medicine delivery. ● How AI can be used to improve hospital efficiency ● The potential for AI to increase the speed and scale of screening ● How algorithms can now predict the 3D structure of nearly every protein ● Limitation issues including transferability and data governance ● Robotics in healthcare including conversational agents ● The burgeoning area of designing new AI-based therapies GUEST DETAILS Prof. Mark Little, Professor of Nephrology at Trinity College Dublin, Consultant Nephrologist at Tallaght University Hospital and Principal Investigator at SFI ADAPT Research Centre. He is a clinician scientist with an interest in translational immunology as applied to autoimmune diseases. https://www.adaptcentre.ie/experts/mark-little/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/mark-little-79bb4b9/ Dr Lucy Hederman is an assistant professor in the School of Computer Science and Statistics, a member of the SFI-funded ADAPT Centre, and the Director of the Centre for Health Informatics, at Trinity College Dublin. Her main research interests are in clinical decision support systems and health research data integration. https://www.linkedin.com/in/lucyhederman/ https://www.adaptcentre.ie/experts/lucy-hederman/

From crypto-currencies to challenger banks, and mortgage lending to managing risk, AI has profoundly changed finance and how we interact with money. With disruptors and innovators constantly raising the bar, what does the future hold and how can we mitigate against the risks posed by such rapidly evolving technology? And quite apart from the tech giants, how can ordinary people utilise AI in a way that benefits their businesses and personal finances? TOPICS WE DISCUSSED INCLUDE • How AI can have a transformative effect on lending decisions, by democratising the availability of credit. • Reducing inequality by making credit decisions more accountable. • The need for explainable AI. • How conversational technology is interacting with business and finance. • Crypto-currency • How AI can detect bubbles in financial markets • Models developed at The Adapt Centre which can detect elder financial abuse. • The Adapt Centre’s work to apply NLP technology into business’ workflows. • The potential dangers AI could precipitate in FinTech. GUEST DETAILS Dr. Cal Muckley is Professor of Operational Risk in Banking and Finance at the UCD College of Business and a Fellow at the UCD Geary Institute. His research is in areas of financial misconduct, mitigating financial fraud and the information content of corporate dividends. He has been a Visiting Scholar at universities including NYU’s Stern School of Business and Yale. Dr. Robert Ross is a Senior Lecturer in the School of Computer Science in TU Dublin and a Funded Investigator within the Adapt Centre. Dr. Ross’s interests lie primarily in the application of machine learning methods to Human Robot Interaction, with specific projects across natural language processing, dialogue management, behavioural analysis, and user state estimation. https://www.adaptcentre.ie/experts/cal-muckley/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/cal-muckley-2758613/ https://www.adaptcentre.ie/experts/robert-ross/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/robertjohnross/

The movies we’ve grown up watching have made quite the impression on our lives and how we think about AI. From the exciting prospect of flying cars in Back to the Future, to the grim post-apocalyptic landscape of Mad Max. What’s closer to the truth in our near future? For instance, we’ve recently seen ABBA launch a ‘hologram’ tour and Mark Zuckerberg enter the metaverse. What else can we expect from the coming decade and how might these technologies evolve to become seamless in our lives? TOPICS WE DISCUSS INCLUDE ● How movies like ‘The Matrix’ and Spike Jonze’s ‘Her’ were incredibly prescient when considering our future interactions with machines. ● How TV shows like ‘Black Mirror’ identify potential negative and positive aspects of AI, sounding a warning before the technology is actually made. ● How the Adapt Centre is involved in Digitally Enhanced Engagement that’s bringing about a revolution in AI. ● The work at the Adapt Centre aimed at improving user experiences by focusing on human centric AI. ● How personalising proactive agents to model users appropriately could allow them to represent us in real life. ● The need for designers to be discerning consumers of the data they gather to create AI. GUEST DETAILS Owen Conlan is a full Professor in the School of Computer Science and Statistics. He is an internationally recognised researcher and thought leader in the field of Personalised Visualisation. Prof Conlan has authored 180+ peer-reviewed and high impact publications and has a h-index of 27. His most significant research contributions are the multi-model, metadata driven approach to personalisation, the non-invasive approach to personalisation, and the automated construction of personalised visualisations (which underpins several industry collaborations). Ben Cowan is Associate Professor at UCD’s School of Information and Communication Studies; and Funded Investigator within the Adapt Centre. He specialises in voice UX and Conversational User Interfaces. He has published over 70 academic research papers on topics related to voice user interfaces, communication and cognitive psychology. His research lies at the juncture between psychology, human-computer interaction and communication systems in investigating how design impacts aspects of user behaviour in social, collaborative and communicative technology interactions. https://www.adaptcentre.ie/experts/owen-conlan/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/owen-conlan-49a82b13/ https://www.adaptcentre.ie/experts/benjamin-cowan/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/benjamin-cowan-ba098515/

As AI becomes more embedded in our lives, how do we ensure that we trust it? How can we be confident that safety has been built into the systems we use every day, like Facial Recognition Technology? Professor Vincent Wade, CEO of the SFI Adapt Centre at Trinity College Dublin, discusses his research focusing on privacy-enabling AI and empowering personalisation. The Adapt Centre is at the forefront of designing AI solutions which are shaped by these concerns, rather than simply building for technology’s sake. The work brings together expertise from the legal, sociological and psychological fields. Prof Wade also explains how his work on the personalisation of simulation-based learning has been proven to improve satisfaction, effectiveness and efficiency. TOPICS WE DISCUSSED INCLUDE ● Privacy preserving AI; how we can do more with less data. ● Building accountability, responsibility and risk management into the design of AI systems. ● How personalisation can serve the user on a one-to-one basis. ● How giving control to the human can have a powerful effect on engagement. ● Beyond 2022: the virtual reconstruction of Ireland’s destroyed Public Record Office. GUEST DETAILS Professor Vincent Wade is CEO of the ADAPT Centre and holds the Professorial Chair of Computer Science in School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin. He is also a Personal Chair in Artificial Intelligence and his research focuses on intelligent systems, AI and Personalisation. Vincent has published over three hundred and fifty scientific papers in peer reviewed international journals and conferences. In 2018, he was awarded the Provost Innovation Award, the highest accolade the university can bestow for international research impact. He played a pivotal role in the Beyond 2022 project; a virtual reconstruction of the Public Record Office in Ireland in which centuries of documents were destroyed during the civil war. This innovative project goes beyond a virtual reality experience that is usually only accessible through custom headsets. CONTACT https://www.tcd.ie/research/profiles/?profile=vwade [email protected] www.linkedin.com/in/vincentwade/ YOUR HOST Our host, Aideen Finnegan, is an IMRO award-winning broadcast journalist with almost 18 years experience, including ten years across two national newsrooms. She regularly presents shows on Newstalk, including their flagship current affairs programme, Newstalk Breakfast. Find her on Twitter @AideenFinnegan or on Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/aideenfinnegan/

Speech technology is life-changing. It can literally give voice to someone who has lost theirs through illness. Or it can be misused for malign purposes like the creation of ‘deep fakes.’ The ADAPT Centre is at the forefront of designing mathematical algorithms to enhance speech communication between humans and technology. Professor Naomi Harte’s work is underpinned by signal processing and machine learning, but it is her multimodal speech analysis which is driving advances in the technology. Her work to fuse audio and visual cues may soon be applied in settings as varied as the kitchen, the boardroom and the aeroplane cockpit. From developing systems to help college lecturers engage with remote learners, to facilitating more seamless interactions with our smart speakers, Professor Naomi Harte shares fascinating insights from her work. TOPICS WE DISCUSSED INCLUDE • How deep learning can improve our everyday interactions with smart speakers and assistants. • The life-changing impact of speech synthesis, but how its misuse could be a societal harm. • Why the analysis of birdsong is being used to improve speech technology. • How The Adapt Centre will chair the world-renowned INTERSPEECH conference in Dublin in 2023. GUEST DETAILS Naomi is an Associate Professor in the School of Engineering in Trinity College. She is Co-PI and a founding member of the ADAPT SFI Centre. In ADAPT, she has led a major Research Theme centred on Multimodal Interaction involving researchers from Universities across Ireland and was instrumental in developing the future vision for the Centre for 2021-2026. She is also a lead academic of the hugely successful Sigmedia Research Group in the School of Engineering. Prior to returning to academia in 2008, she worked in high-tech start-ups in the field of DSP Systems Development, including her own company. She holds tech patents and licences through her collaboration with Google in the USA. MORE INFORMATION https://www.tcd.ie/research/profiles/?profile=nharte https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=0GswUfcAAAAJ&hl=en https://www.linkedin.com/in/prof-naomi-harte/ Email:[email protected] YOUR HOST Aideen Finnegan is an IMRO award-winning broadcast journalist with almost 18 years experience, including ten years across two national newsrooms. Find her on Twitter @AideenFinnegan or on Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/aideenfinnegan/

How do we create global standards for AI so we can mitigate against harms like disinformation? How do we prevent AI from perpetuating human biases? Meet Professor Dave Lewis, who is at the forefront of developing international standards for trustworthy AI. The EU is the first major regulator anywhere in the world to be drafting legislation governing the use of AI, and The ADAPT Centre at Trinity College Dublin is right at the heart of the process. Dave explains the challenges faced by society in governing AI, how his research is being used by industry to raise standards and how the use of algorithms can be balanced to meet the needs of users, organisations and society. TOPICS WE DISCUSSED INCLUDE ● Challenges and complexities of governing AI ● The “mini-UNs” assembled to develop international standards ● Innovations that provide practical mechanisms for data governance ● Human interaction design considerations ● Opportunities for industry to collaborate with ADAPT GUEST DETAILS Dave Lewis is an Associate Professor at the School of Computer Science and Statistics at Trinity College Dublin and the head of its Artificial Intelligence Discipline. He is Deputy Director of the ADAPT SFI Research Centre for Digital Content Technology. His research focuses on the use of open semantic models for Trustworthy AI and Data Governance. He has led the development of international standards in AI-based linguistic processing of digital content at the W3C and OASIS. Trinity College: http://people.tcd.ie/Profile?Username=delewis Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dave-lewis-13626a/ YOUR HOST Aideen Finnegan is an IMRO award-winning broadcast journalist with almost 18 years experience, including ten years across two national newsrooms. Find her on Twitter @AideenFinnegan or on Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/in/aideenfinnegan/

Computer technologies are constantly advancing, remember when we thought landlines were as good as it could get? fast forward to today where smartphones are the standard for most. But how much further can we take things? Could we one day have computers who see and act like humans? Joining us today is Prof. Rozenn Dahyot, an expert in the field of computer technologies. Rozenn explains to us the difficulties in teaching robots human functions such as sight. She speaks about the future of computer technologies, including the metaverse and where she sees this going and also speaks about the ethical limits to how far computer technologies should be taken. This 34-minute discussion will leave you feeling very excited about the future and show you just how much can be achieved when a group of experts put their minds together. TOPICS WE DISCUSSED INCLUDE ● Most recent computer technology research funding ● What is Digital Signal Processing ● Visual Data Analytics ● AI and visual detection ● Ethics surrounding computer vision in public ● What the future holds for computer vision GUEST DETAILS Prof. Dahyot is a Professor of Computer Science at Maynooth University (Ireland) and a PI in the SFI ADAPT Research Centre. Her research interest is in pattern analysis and machine intelligence (machine learning, AI) with signal processing applications (e.g. remote sensing, computer vision, computer graphics), applied for instance for automatic asset mapping. She has been the President of the Irish Pattern Recognition and Classification Society 2014-2020, and she is the general chair organizing the European Signal Processing Conference in 2021. Maynooth: www.maynoothuniversity.ie/faculty-science-engineering/our-people/rozenn-dahyot Social Media: https://ie.linkedin.com/in/rozenn-dahyot-a0807116 YOUR HOST Marie Boran is a PhD candidate and third level lecturer in the area of science, technology & society. Her passion is emerging technologies and as a writer has been covering the technology sector for almost 15 years. She was Irish Science Writer of the Year in 2018 and Technology Reporter of the Year in 2016. Linkedin - https://www.linkedin.com/in/mboran/

Alexa, Siri and robotic hoovers have become common household appliances. But how would you feel about a robot making your bed in the morning? Could AI robots be the future of healthcare? TU lead John Kelleher believes it could be. Whether we know it or not, NLP and AI have already become part of our daily lives. From tumour detection to drug discovery research is now delving deeper into healthcare to see what more could be achieved. Have we reached our peak with AI and healthcare or could walking talking robots be in our future? If so, how would medical ethics work? TOPICS WE DISCUSSED INCLUDE: ● What is NLP or Natural Language Processing ● Where is NLP used ● How does NLP impact our daily lives ● What does the future of NLP look like, will robots soon be a household appliance? ● AI and Healthcare ● How is AI currently being used in the fight against Covid 19 ● The ethical concerns surrounding AI in Healthcare ● How can AI be made more sustainable GUEST DETAILS John Kelleher is the TU Dublin lead in the ADAPT Centre and the scientific lead for the Digital Content Transformation Strand. Within the ADAPT centre, John leads research projects on language modelling, lexical semantics, machine translation, novelty detection, image captioning, dialogue systems, and making AI more environmentally sustainable. Adapt Centre - https://www.adaptcentre.ie/experts/john-d-kelleher/ LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/johndkelleher YOUR HOST Marie Boran is a PhD candidate and third-level lecturer in the area of science, technology & society. Her passion is emerging technologies and as a writer has been covering the technology sector for almost 15 years. She was Irish Science Writer of the Year in 2018 and Technology Reporter of the Year in 2016. Linkedin - https://www.linkedin.com/in/mboran/

How we represent ourselves online is hugely important. While in the past we used photos and avatars, today we are creating virtual humans. What do they look like? Are they caricatures or more advanced moving video representations of real selves? Could they develop further with AI and operate independently without us? Principal Investigator Rachel McDonnell is an expert in this area at the Adapt Centre and has been making amazing progress with virtual human technology. She explains what they are, how they work and the potential to develop in the future. She has a real passion for how our virtual humans live and interact with others online and shares some of the gigantic improvements of recent years. TOPICS WE DISCUSSED INCLUDE • What are virtual humans • Where you have seen them before but never knew • The pros and cons of virtual humans • How we are combatting ‘uncanny valley theory’ • The acceptance and believability rates of virtual humans • When will we start attending VR meetings • The ethics of how far should we go with virtual humans • Problems to overcome with Augmented Reality situations • Why the future is now for the Adapt Team • Your listener questions GUEST DETAILS Rachel McDonnell is an Associate Professor in Creative Technologies at the School of Computer Science and Statistics at Trinity College Dublin. She is also a Principal Investigator in the ADAPT Research Centre and a member of the Graphics, Vision, and Visualisation Group. Her research projects and interests include computer graphics, character animation, virtual humans, VR, and perception, with a focus on real-time performance capture and perception of virtual humans. Trinity College - https://www.scss.tcd.ie/Rachel.McDonnell/index.shtml Linkedin - https://www.linkedin.com/in/rachel-mcdonnell-10552b155/ YOUR HOST Marie Boran is a PhD candidate and third level lecturer in the area of science, technology & society. Her passion is emerging technologies and as a writer has been covering the technology sector for almost 15 years. She was Irish Science Writer of the Year in 2018 and Technology Reporter of the Year in 2016. Linkedin - https://www.linkedin.com/in/mboran/

ADAPT Researcher Mohammed Al-Rawi discussed the role AI plays in the fashion industry. It is used at almost every level, from manufacturing, to transport, and to marketing. You can access the accompanying slideshow presentation here: http://ow.ly/qbdl50BxNTM