25-1 克洛伊的經濟學人Chloe's Economist~ 美國前總統Trump又惹麻煩;英國婦女因為墮胎坐牢+美國英國中國和法國的通膨探討+小撇步：如何培養國際觀?+訪問Panda Vince from 出國趣

1. Donald Trump appeared in a court in Miami to plead not guilty to 37 criminal charges related to his mishandling of classified documents. It is the first time an American president, former or sitting, has been charged in a federal court. The indictment claims Mr Trump stored secret papers hap.hazardly throughout his home in Florida, such as in a shower stall. Some of the material related to the defence and weapons capabilities of America and foreign countries, including America’s nuclear programmes. Before his court appearance Mr Trump vowed to remain in the presidential race, even if he is convicted. “I’ll never leave,” he said.

(前美國總統) 川普出庭一位於 (佛州) 邁阿密的法院，並對他涉及機密文件之不當行為相關等 37項刑事指控不認罪。這是美國總統第一次在聯邦法院被起訴。起訴書稱川普在整個佛州的家中 (例如在淋浴間) 雜亂地放置了機密文件：與美國和外國的國防和武器相關內容 (包括美國的核計畫)。在出庭之前，川普誓言要繼續參加總統大選，即使他被定罪；他表示“我打死不退”。

è 想當看看連勝文和川普!!

2.Italy held a state funeral for Silvio Berlusconi, who died aged 86. Italy’s longest-serving prime minister was a media tycoon and unapologetic populist. He was known for a string of corruption and sex scandals, the most infamous being the “Bunga Bunga” parties at his villa, where he cavorted with (very) young scantily clad women. He was still a force in politics. His Forza Italia party forms part of Italy’s coalition government.

義大利為 Silvio Berlusconi 舉行了國葬，而他享年 86歲。這位曾任職義國最長時間的總理是媒體大亨以及毫無悔意的民粹主義者。他以一連串的貪腐和性醜聞聞名，而之中最臭名昭著的是在他別墅裡的“Bunga Bunga”派對，即一堆老男人與 (非常) 年輕的女生們性愛狂歡。他仍然在政治上頗具影響力，而他的義大利力量黨 (Forza Italia) 組成了義大利聯合政府之一部分。

3.Ukraine’s counter-offensive trundled on. It claims to have retaken several villages from Russia. Russia said that one of its senior generals had been killed in the fighting. Russian missile attacks killed 12 people in Kryvyi Rih, a town in central Ukraine known for being the birthplace of Volodymyr Zelensky. Russia also attacked the Black Sea port town of Odessa. Meanwhile the governor of Russia’s Kursk region accused Ukraine of firing missiles over the border.

烏克蘭的大反攻陷入困境。它聲稱已從俄國手中奪回了幾個村莊。俄方表示其一名高階將領在戰鬥中陣亡。俄方導彈襲擊在烏克蘭中部的 Kryvyi Rih，造成 12人死亡，而該小鎮因為是總統澤倫斯基的出生地聞名。俄國還攻擊了黑海港口小鎮 Odessa。與此同時，俄國 Kursk 地區州長指責烏克蘭向邊境開火。

4.Alexander Lukashenko, the dictator of Belarus, said his country had started to take delivery of some Russian nuclear weapons, the first time they have been deployed outside Russia since the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991.

白俄羅斯的獨裁者盧卡申科 (Alexander Lukashenko) 表示他的國家已開始接管一些俄國核武器，這是自 1991年蘇聯垮台以來第一次在俄國以外部署 (核武)。

5.Germany published its first-ever national security strategy. It said that Russia poses the “most significant threat to peace” and pointed to China as a menace for using its dominance in supply chains to wield its political clout. The document reiterated Germany’s commitment to increase defence spending.

德國發表了有史以來的第一個國家安全戰略。該國表示俄國對和平構成了“最重大的威脅”，並指出中國利用其在供應鏈中佔主導地位來擴張其政治影響力。該戰略重申了德國對增加國防支出之承諾。

6.A 44-year-old mother of three was imprisoned in Britain for having an abortion after the legal limit of 24 weeks post-conception. The woman took abortion pills, which are allowed for home use up to ten weeks after conceiving (she was over 30 weeks pregnant). Calls were made to release the woman from prison in the highly unusual case.

一名 44歲三個孩子的母親因在懷孕 24週的法律門檻後墮胎而在英國被囚禁。該名婦女服用了墮胎藥，但該藥物僅允許懷孕 10週內服用 (她懷孕 30週)。在此高度不尋常的案件中，輿論請命將該名女子從監獄中釋放。

7.At least 78 migrants died and hundreds were missing, after their boat sank off the coast of Greece. The vessel was en route to Italy from Libya. Many of those on board were from north African countries.

在希臘海岸沉船後，至少有 78名移民死亡、數百人失踪。該船支是從 (北非) 利比亞前往義大利的途中沉沒，而船上許多人來自北非國家。

Business

1.The easing of inflationary pressures was a big factor behind the Fed’s decision. America’s overall annual inflation rate fell to 4% in May, the lowest it’s been since March 2021. Core inflation, which strips out energy and food prices, was 5.3%: it has hardly budged since the start of the year, in part because housing-related costs are rising. Despite higher mortgage rates, house prices are steadily increasing again.

通膨壓力的緩解是美聯準的 (不升息) 決定背後之重要因素。美國的整體年度通膨率在五月下降到了 4％，這是自 2021年3月以來的最低水平。去除能源和食品價格的核心通膨率為 5.3％：自今年年初以來，它幾乎沒有漲跌，而部分原因是住房 (及相關) 成本正在上升。儘管抵押貸款利率較高，但房價仍在穩定上漲。

2.With inflation remaining elevated in the euro zone, the European Central Bank lifted interest rates again by a quarter of a percentage point. That takes it deposit facility to 3.5%, the highest it’s been since 2001.

由於歐元區的通膨率仍然高漲，歐洲央行再次將利率提高了四分之一個百分點 (即 0.25%)。這將其存款利率提高到 3.5％，是自 2001年以來的最高。

3.The French finance minister, Bruno Le Maire, secured a promise from 75 food producers to cut their prices. Food prices in France rose by 14.1% in the 12 months to May.

法國財政部長 Bruno Le Maire 從 75間食品生產商們獲得了降低價格的承諾。截至 (今年) 五月的 12個月，法國的食品價格上漲了 14.1％。

4.China’s central bank took a big shift towards easing monetary policy by trimming interest rates. The economy has been losing steam since a strong rebound immediately after the lifting of covid restrictions. Retail sales and industrial production grew more slowly than economists had expected in the year to May. Unlike the rest of the world, inflation is negligible and the property market is in the doldrums.

中國央行透過降低利率邁出了寬鬆的貨幣政策。自從取消新冠防疫措施後立即發生強勁反彈以來，該國經濟一直在失去動力。零售業和工業生產之成長速度比經濟學家們於 (今年) 五月預期地慢。與世界其他地區不同，中國的通貨膨脹微不足道，而房地產市場處於低價。

5.New figures showing that wages are soaring in Britain probably mean that more interest-rate rises from the Bank of England are on the cards. The data caused the yields on short-term government bonds to jump to their highest levels since August 2008, higher even than the spike after the ill-fated mini-budget of Liz Truss’s government last September.

新的數值表明英國的薪資飆升可能意謂著英格蘭銀行 (即該國央行) 之利率上升。這些數據導致短期政府債券之收益率躍升至 2008年8月以來的最高水平，甚至比去年9月 (前英國首相) Liz Truss 在位時還更高，而當時她的政府正處於命運多舛之迷你預算案。

️6. In Japan the Nikkei stockmarket index closed above the 33,000 mark for the first time since 1990. It was boosted this week in part by a surge in the share price of SoftBank, amid rumours that it might team up with the firm behind ChatGPT. The Nikkei has gained 30% this year and the Topix 20%, helped by a weaker yen that has attracted foreign investors.

在日本，日經指數自 1990年以來首次收在 33,000大關。於本週，日經指數的一部分是由於軟銀的股價上漲而提高了，因為有傳言稱軟銀可能與 ChatGPT 幕後的公司合作。日經指數今年上漲了 30％；東證股價指數/東交所指數上漲了 20%，因日圓較弱有助於吸引外國投資人們。

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️7.Toyota faced down two proxy votes at its annual general meeting. In an unusual challenge to the management of a Japanese company, activist investors in America and Europe recommended voting against Toyoda Akio, the grandson of the carmaker’s founder, as chairman. They say he has been slow in rolling out electric vehicles. Another proposal urged full disclosure on Toyota’s climate policy. Both proposals were defeated.

豐田 (Toyota) 在年度股東大會上面臨兩次代理人投票。在對此日本公司管理的不尋常挑戰中，美國和歐洲的激進投資人們建議對該汽車製造商創始人的孫子豐田章男投票，論究其董事長職務。投資人們表示豐田章男在推出電動車方面一直很慢；另一項投票提案則敦促全面披露豐田汽車的氣候政策。這兩個提案都被否決掉了。

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