Today, I’m returning to Virginia with a discussion of Rufus Holsinger’s striking photograph of Marie S. Gordon, on the occasion of her 8th grade graduation! This leads into the larger themes of African American education in Virginia (the Bray School! Gowan Pamphlet! Education in secret!) and visual culture (combating white supremacy with images of dignity!).

Extra resources and bibliography can be found at https://docs.google.com/document/d/1P5fKdlA2MxOpPJmiyJ6MZjXv5otzXNDiSYCdY_F5mSQ/edit?usp=sharing