This episode is part of our Vocal Instructional Series, a series devoted to the instruction of basic vocal pedagogy for first and second year vocal majors. Episodes in this series are also presented as micro-lectures in our hybrid vocal studio shell at Trinity Valley Community College.In this episode, we examine, compare, and contrast teachings taken from the two traditional schools of thought on breathing: the Appoggio technique taken from Italian pedagogies, and the Bachausenstutz technique taken from German pedagogies.