A discussion with ITAL members Eric Brown and Scott Rysdahl with Micah Kryzer. Micah is a pentester by day but also works alongside the ITAL team. In this episode the crew overviews certificates, a big topic that transcends any one vendor or environment. Certificates are like an electronic passport meant to uniquely identify a person, computer or application on a network. This specific family of vulnerabilities discussed affects the Microsoft Active Directory certificate services, which is Microsoft’s own built-in PKI or public key infrastructure included with Window’s servers and domains. Micah walks us through a pentest demo illustrating the ways this system can be exploited as well as providing tips on how to protect business networks from this attack.