In this episode of our series about Metaphysics and modern AI, we break causality down to first principles and explain how to tell factual mechanisms from convincing correlations. From gold-standard Randomized Control Trials (RCT) to natural experiments and counterfactuals, we map the tools that build trustworthy models and safer AI. Defining causes, effects, and common causal structuresGestalt theory: Why correlation misleads and how pattern-seeking tricks usStatistical association vs causal...