After smelling smoke from his sit spot in San Francisco, and the subsequent clean air as fall progressed, Razi remembers childhood visits to California Indian acorn grinding rocks. This episode recounts his research into the Traditional Ecological Knowledge and land management practices of California Indians that stewarded oak trees and their acorn crops.

Music credits:

1. Soundscape Premium - Nature and birds 1 by MINOR2GO

2. Armando by LiddellC

Relevant articles used for research:

Frederica Bowcutt "Tanoak Landscapes: Tending a Native American Nut Tree," Madroño 60(2), 64-86, (1 April 2013). https://doi.org/10.3120/0024-9637-60.2.64

Anderson, K. M., & Moratto, M. J. (1996). Native American Land-Use Practices and Ecological Impacts (Vol. 2, pp. 187-206) (United States, USGS). Davis, California: University of California, Centers for Water and Wildland Resources. https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-43/VOL_II/VII_C09.PDF

Anderson, K. M. (2007). Indigenous Uses, Management, and Restoration of Oaks of the Far Western United States (Vol. Technical note No.2) (United States, USDA, NRCS). Davis, California: National Plant Center.https://directives.sc.egov.usda.gov/OpenNonWebContent.aspx?content=25907.wba