This passage 2 Academic IELTS Reading is a problem-solution structure.

• The problem: air-conditioning units generate 'spectacular and largely unnecessary energy use and carbon emissions'.
• The solution: use natural ventilation, as they did in 19th-century hospitals.

This IELTS Reading is packed full of useful vocab like 'to squander energy' (= to waste) and 'it uses a FRACTION of the electricity/at a FRACTION of the energy cost' (=a small or tiny part, amount, or proportion of something).

There were also some interesting uses of nouns as adjectives (wards in hospitals = hospital wards) - see my blog about this useful IELTS topic here:

https://ieltsetc.com/2021/06/nouns-as-adjectives/

and adjectives as nouns ('the prosperous' = the people who are prosperous and 'the public').

Get all my reading tips and advice on my website:

https://ieltsetc.com/ielts-reading/