This episode is all about theLispfamily of programming languages!Ever looked at Lisp and wondered why so many programmers gush aboutsuch a weird looking programming language style?What's with all those parentheses?Surely there must be something you get out of them for so manyprogramming nerds to gush about the language!We do a light dive into Lisp's history, talk about what makes Lispso powerful, and nerd out about the many, many kinds of Lisps outthere!Announcement: Christine is gonna give an intro-to-Scheme tutorialat our next Hack & Craft!Saturday July 2nd, 2022 at Come and learn some Scheme with us!Links:Various histories of Lisp:History of Lisp by John McCarthyThe Evolution of Lisp by Guy L. Steele and Richard P. GabrielHistory of LISP by Paul McJonesWilliam Byrd'sThe Most Beautiful Program Ever Writtendemonstrates just how easy it is to write lisp in lisp, showing off thekernel of evaluation living at every modern programming language!M-expressions (the original math-notation-vision for users to operate on) vs S-expressions (the structure Lisp evaluators actually operate at, in direct representational mirror of the typically, but not necessarily, parenthesized representation of the same).Lisp-1 vs Lisp-2... well, rather than give a simple link and analysis,have a thorough one.Lisp machinesMIT's CADR was thesecond iteration of the lisp machine, and the most influentialon everything to come. Then everything split when two separatecompanies implemented it...Lisp Machines, Incorporated (LMI),founded by famous hacker Richard Greenblatt, who aimed to keepthe MIT AI Lab hacker culture alive by only hiring programmerspart-time.Symbolics was theother rival company. Took venture capital money, was acommercial success for quite a while.These systems were very interesting, there's more to them thanjust the rivalry. But regarding that, the bookHackers(despite its issues)captures quite a bit about the AI lab before this and then itssplit, including a ton of Lisp history.Some interesting things happening over at lisp-machine.orgThe GNU manifestiomentions Lisp quite a bit, including that the plan was for thesystem to be mostly C and Lisp.Worse is Better,including the original(but the first of those two links provides a lot of context)The AI winter.Bundle up, lispers!Symbolics' Mac IvoryRISC-V tagged architecture, plus this lowRISC tagged memory tutorial. (We haven't read these yet, but they're on the reading queue!)SchemeThere's a lot of these... we recommend Guileif you're interested in using Emacs (along with Geiser), and Racket if you're looking for a more gentle introduction (DrRacket, which ships with Racket, is a friendly introduction)The R5RS and R7RS-small specs are very short and easy to read especiallySee this section of the Guile manual for a bit of... historyCommon Lisp...which, yeah there are multiple implementations, but these daysreally means SBCL withSly or SLIMEClojure introduced functionaldatastructures to the masses (okay, maybe not the masses). Neatstuff, though not a great license choice (even if technically FOSS)in our opinion and Rich Hickey kindablew up his communityso maybe use something else these days.Hy, always hy-lariousFennel, cutest lil' Lua Lisp you've ever seenWebassembly's text syntax isn'ttechnically a Lisp, but let's be honest... is it technicallynot a Lisp either?!Typed Racket andHackettEmacs... Lisp?... well let's just give you the tutorial!The dreams of the 60s-80s are alive in Emacs.The Many Faces of an Undying Programming Languageis a nice little tour of some well known Lisps.Actually, wejust did an episode about Emacs,didn't we?Digital Humanities Workshops episodeWe guess if you wanted to use Racket and VS Code, you could use Magic Racket?!We dunno, we've never used VS Code! (Are we out of touch?!)What about for Guile?! Someone put some energy intoGuile Studio!Hack & Craft!