Question: Is it morally permissible—or perhaps even obligatory?—to use genetic modification and/or cloning technology to help other species survive the harmful effects of human activity? For instance, is it permissible (or even obligatory) to genetically alter species so that they might be better adapted to climate change, or other threatening factors which we have caused (such as the chestnut blight)? Is it morally permissible to resurrect the woolly mammoth, or the passenger pigeon, which we have already driven to extinction?