In 1908 there were 500 automakers trying to bring the new, innovative combustion engine technology to market by focusing on the high-end, luxury market . This resulted in a 'red ocean' of competition as these automakers struggled to out-maneuver each other to sell to the burgeoning market of people willing to forgo horse-and-buggy transportation in favor of the combustion engine. When Henry Ford entered the business, he was able to create a 'blue ocean' of opportunity, one characterized by no competition, by innovating on simple product offerings, assembly line optimizations, and cost innovations all reducing price to a point where choosing a Model T over horse-and-buggy was almost a no-brainer. Ford Motor Company had created a blue ocean market opportunity worth billions of dollars.