This week we're talking about Pirates of the Caribbean: Curse of the Black Pearl! Join us for a discussion of rum, Port Royal, and, most importantly, an in-depth exploration of just when the heck this movie is supposed to be taking place. Sources: Background: Making of: https://youtu.be/X6s9jQbM9N4 https://www.cinemablend.com/news/1640229/apparently-keira-knightley-had-no-faith-in-pirates-of-the-caribbean https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/pirates_of_the_caribbean_the_curse_of_the_black_pearl https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirates_of_the_Caribbean:_The_Curse_of_the_Black_Pearl Bios: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gore_Verbinski https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Bruckheimer#Filmography https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Elliott_(screenwriter) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terry_Rossio Hollywood Reporter review, https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/heat-vision/pirates-caribbean-curse-black-pearl-thrs-2003-review-1005193 Roger Ebert review, https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/pirates-of-the-caribbean-the-curse-of-the-black-pearl-2003 Port Royal: Matlock, Julie Yates. "The Process of Colonial Adaptation: English Responses to the 1692 Earthquake at Port Royal, Jamaica." 2012. (dissertation) Drain the Sunken Pirate City (NatGeo) Simon P. Newman, "Hidden in Plain Sight: Escaped Slaves in Late Eighteenth-and Early Nineteenth-Century Jamaica," William and Mary Quarterly (June 2018): 1-53. https://oieahc.wm.edu/digital-projects/oi-reader/simon-p-newman-hidden-in-plain-sight/ Carla Gardina Pestana, "Early English Jamaica Without Pirates," The William and Mary Quarterly 71:3 (July 2014): 321-360. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5309/willmaryquar.71.3.0321 Nuala Zahedieh, "The Merchants of Port Royal, Jamaica, and the Spanish Contraband Trade, 1655-1692," The William and Mary Quarterly 43:4 (Oct., 1986): 570-593. http://www.jstor.com/stable/1923683 Jack P. Greene, "Jamaica at Midcentury: A Social and Economic Profile," Settler Jamaica in the 1750s: A Social Portrait (University of Virginia Press). http://www.jstor.com/stable/j.ctt1dgn5qd.5 Denver Brunsman, "The Knowles Atlantic Impressment Riots of the 1740s," Early American Studies 5:2 (Fall 2007): 324-366. Christine Walker, "Port Royal," Jamaica Ladies: Female Slaveholders and the Creation of Britain's Atlantic Empire (University of North Carolina Press, 2020). https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5149/9781469655284_walker.6 Vincent Brown, "The Eighteenth Century: Growth, Crisis, and Revolution," in The Princeton Companion to Atlantic History eds. Joseph C. Miller, Vincent Brown, Jorge Canizares-Esguerra, Laurent Dubois, and Karen Ordahl Kupperman (Princeton University Press). http://www.jstor.com/stable/j.ctt18s30x4.11 James Robertson, "Making Jamaica English: Priorities and Processes," The Torrid Zone: Caribbean Colonization and Cultural Interaction in the Long Seventeenth Century ed. L.H. Roper (University of South Carolina Press). http://www.jstor.com/stable/j.ctv6sj7vv.11 Guy Chet, "Atlantic Frontier: Continued Piracy through the Long Eighteenth Century" The Ocean Is a Wilderness: Atlantic Piracy and the Limits of State Authority, 1688-1856 (University of Massachusetts Press). http://www.jstor.com/stable/j.ctt5vk2s5.6 Cordingly, David. "Pirates and Port Royal." History Today 42, (5/1992): 62. https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2015/09/prison-labor-in-america/406177/ Henry Morgan bios: Zahedieh, Nuala. "Morgan, Sir Henry (c. 1635–1688), privateer and colonial governor." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. 23 Sep. 2004; Accessed 3 Sep. 2020. https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-19224. and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Morgan "Remembrance of the Great Earthquake" http://www.jnht.com/documents/remembrance-of-the-great-earthquake.pdf Jamaica National Heritage Trust https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-18601357 and https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/earthquake-destroys-jamaican-pirate-haven#:~:text=On%20June%207%2C%201692%2C%20a,to%20destroy%20the%20entire%20town. Trevor Burnard, "European Migration to Jamaica, 1655-1780," The William and Mary Quarterly 53:4 (Oct., 1996): 769-796. http://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O100708/doll-with-dress-unknown/ http://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O116924/gown-unknown/ http://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O318880/gown-unknown/ https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/person/mp00741/john-vaughan-3rd-earl-of-carbery https://fashionhistory.fitnyc.edu/1690-1699/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Jamaica https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_Charles_Knowles,_1st_Baronet Gov. of Jamaica https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw05823 https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/explore/an-officer-and-a-gentleman-naval-uniform-and-male-fashion-in-the-eighteenth-century sword, 1750 https://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/78785.html https://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/14293.html https://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/71222.html 1748 hat (not part of regulated uniform until 1795, though) https://www.rmg.co.uk/sites/default/files/import/4_captainjamescook.pdf 1820! https://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/128354.html Uniforms introduced 1850s https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20101208175701/http://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/training-and-people/rn-life/uniforms-and-badges-of-rank/index.htm Typically hand sewn, rather than printed! https://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/941.html Pirate Crews: Marcus Rediker, Villains of All Nations: Atlantic Pirates in the Golden Age (Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 2004). Guy Chet, "Atlantic Frontier: Continued Piracy through the Long Eighteenth Century," The Ocean is a Wilderness: Atlantic Piracy and the Limits of State Authoirty, 1688-1856 (University of Massachusetts Press, 2014). fourth-rate c.1685 https://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/141835.html first-rate 1794 https://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/111624.html undated (Union Jack--later?) https://collections.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/152570.html Lady Washington https://historicalseaport.org/lady-washington-history/ https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/volokh-conspiracy/wp/2017/04/03/firearms-technology-and-the-original-meaning-of-the-second-amendment/ https://www.pbs.org/opb/historydetectives/technique/gun-timeline/ Firing matchlock and flintlock muskets https://youtu.be/zpzIb3XjyyY (still need gunpowder in pan for flint to strike in later 18th c. weapons) http://www.jnht.com/site_spanish_town.php https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colony_of_Jamaica https://www.nmrn.org.uk/research/piracy Marcus Rediker, Villains of All Nations: Atlantic Pirates in the Golden Age (Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 2004). Arne Bialuschewski, "Pirates, Black Sailors and Seafaring Slaves in the Anglo-American Maritime World, 1716-1726," The Journal of Caribbean History 45:2 (2011): 143-158. Rum: The Crafty Cask, Four Part Series on Rum: https://thecraftycask.com/spirits-liqueurs/history-rum/ "Rum," Encyclopedia Britannica, available at https://www.britannica.com/topic/rum-liquor F. Paul Pacult, "Mapping Rum by Region," available at https://web.archive.org/web/20131029204124/http://www.winemag.com/July-2002/PROOF-POSITIVE/ David Wondrich, "The Rum-Soaked History of Pirates and Sailors," The Daily Beast. Available at https://www.thedailybeast.com/the-rum-soaked-history-of-pirates-and-sailors Tortuga: Violet Barbour, "Privateers and Pirates of the West Indies," American Historical Review 16, 3 (1911) W. Frank Craven, "The Early of Warwick: Speculator in Piracy," The Hispanic American Historical Review, 10, 4 (1930) Erin Mackie, "Welcome the Outlaw: Maroons, Pirates, and Caribbean Countercultures," Cultural Critique 59 (2005) Carla Pestana, "Early English Jamaica Without Pirates," William and Mary Quarterly 71, 3 (2014) Colin Woodard, The Republic of Pirates (Mariner Books, 2007)