Democracy Paradox
Democracy Paradox
Justin Kempf
Jeffrey Kopstein Explains Why Polarization Turns Violent
45 minutes Posted Jul 8, 2026 at 6:00 am.
Introduction
From Disagreement to Hate
Who Owns the Polity?
When the State Steps Aside
The Assault on the State
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The question is not whether polarization is dangerous, but the conditions under which it becomes violent. Jeffrey Kopstein Jeffrey Kopstein joins the Democracy Paradox to discuss when polarization turns violent. Drawing on his Journal of Democracy essay “When Polarization Turns Violent” and his book with Stephen Hanson, The Assault on the State, Kopstein explains why affective polarization, struggles over belonging, and the weakening or politicization of state authority can create the conditi...